Transmission dynamics of an emerging infectious disease in wildlife through host reproductive cycles

Uchii, Kimiko; Telschow, Arndt; Minamoto, Toshifumi; Yamanaka, Hiroki; Honjo, Mie N.; Matsui, Kazuaki; Kawabata, Zen’ichiro

doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.123

Cited by 44 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is in concordance with the many empirical examples where infectious diseases emerge in the season when the hosts aggregate (Altizer et al 2006). In case of CyHV-3 disease in Lake Biwa, the virus is suggested to transmit among adult carps by contact through group mating in the limited breeding habitats where the adult density is much higher than that in other seasons (Uchii et al 2009(Uchii et al , 2010. We consider that the outbreak of disease may occur within one breeding season, starting from a few infected individuals, where there is no recruitment of adult individuals.…”

Section: Application To Cyhv-3 In Lake Biwasupporting

confidence: 65%

“…One of the reasons for such a major outbreak is possibly attributed to the high infection rate of CyHV-3 due to the high density of adult carps. Especially, the decrease of breeding habitats in the lakeshore due to lakeshore protection works and water level control (Biwako Handbook Editors Commission 2007) could accelerate the infection because the latest study suggested that CyHV-3 transmits among adult carps in the breeding habitats while group mating (Uchii et al 2009(Uchii et al , 2010. The phenomenon of disease transmission in the spawning phase has also been reported in salmonoid fishes (Nylund et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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A basic equation for population dynamics with destruction of breeding habitats and its application to outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

Yamamura

Telschow

Uchii

et al. 2010

Ecological Research

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In reproduction, many animal species migrate to local habitats that are appropriate for reproduction and for growth of newly born offspring. The examples are ubiquitous among crabs, freshwater fishes, amphibians, migratory birds, and sea animals. We propose a basic equation for population dynamics of such animals, assuming that the number of offspring is proportional to the area of the local breeding habitats as a first approximation. This equation is very simple to be solved analytically, and useful for representing environmental issues of habitat destruction and degradation. According to the equation, the adult density in breeding habitats increases temporarily during habitat destruction and returns to the original density afterwards. The temporal peak value is higher for a larger proportion of area with destruction, a higher temporal rate of destruction, and a higher survival probability of the adults. In contrast, habitat degradation results simply in a decrease of the adult density in breeding habitats. Using this equation, we will discuss the vulnerability of populations to epidemic diseases due to temporal local high densities with decreasing breeding habitats by human activities, exemplifying an outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 for wild carps in Lake Biwa.

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Section: Application To Cyhv-3 In Lake Biwasupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

A basic equation for population dynamics with destruction of breeding habitats and its application to outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

Yamamura

Telschow

Uchii

et al. 2010

Ecological Research

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“…In addition, CyHV-3 has been detected 3-4 years after the outbreak (Minamoto et al, 2009;Honjo et al, 2010). Uchii et al (2011) concluded that CyHV-3 disease spreads among the breeding habitat of carp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Stress response to daily temperature fluctuations in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

et al. 2011

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The littoral zone of lakes and lagoons is often used by fish for feeding or reproduction. However, the large changes in temperature that are typical of natural environments, including the littoral zone, represent a potential stressor for fish. Despite the importance of this habitat, little is known about the effect of daily temperature fluctuations on the stress responses of fish. We monitored daily temperature changes in the near-shore and offshore regions of a natural lagoon between May and July 2008-2010. We observed large temperature fluctuations more frequently in the near-shore zone than the offshore zone. We then exposed common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to a temperature regime similar to that observed in the near-shore zone and measured the levels of cortisol released into the water. The rate of cortisol release increased when carp were exposed to an increase in temperature of *0.6°C/h over a 5-h period. Conversely, there was no change in the rate of release when temperatures decreased. Our results highlight the importance of maintaining high temporal resolution when evaluating the stress response to daily fluctuations temperature.

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“…In the experiments described by Bergmann & Kempter (2011), the virus load increased to 10 3 copies in individual carp 3 to 7 d after a stress event at a water temperature of 20°C. In a carp population from the Japanese Lake Biwa, high CyHV-3 concentrations were primarily detected during reproduction in the spring (Uchii et al 2010). Table 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…n.t. : not tested Then a high virus load coincided with a high testosterone level in the carp population, which has been reported to suppress immune functions in common carp (cited from Uchii et al 2010). In the current study, the stress response to the harvesting process could not be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of cyprinid herpesvirus-3 infection in latently infected carp from aquaculture

Baumer¹,

Fabian²,

Wilkens³

et al. 2013

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3, koi herpesvirus, KHV) is the causative agent of an economically important disease in carp. The mode of transmission of this virus, especially how the infectious agent is introduced into ponds de novo, is not known in detail. The aim of this study was to investigate the shedding of CyHV-3 from fish with latent infections, under aquaculture conditions. Ponds in Saxony, Germany, with latently infected carp were examined at different times during the production cycle to investigate the influence of fish farming procedures on virus activation and shedding. Carp and water samples were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. Some of the latently infected carp shed CyHV-3. Virus shedding was induced mainly when the ponds were drained and the carp either harvested or moved to different ponds, and was independent of the water temperature. This indicated that during these times there was a risk that effluent water from the ponds could disseminate the infectious agent. During summer, on-growing carp are infected with low numbers of CyHV-3. These findings are important for disease management strategies in carp aquaculture and for the design of testing protocols for the detection of latent infection in carp populations.

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Transmission dynamics of an emerging infectious disease in wildlife through host reproductive cycles

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

A basic equation for population dynamics with destruction of breeding habitats and its application to outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

A basic equation for population dynamics with destruction of breeding habitats and its application to outbreak of cyprinid herpesvirus 3

Stress response to daily temperature fluctuations in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Epidemiology of cyprinid herpesvirus-3 infection in latently infected carp from aquaculture

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