Transmission expansion planning considering wholesale electricity market and integration of renewable generation

Sustainable Power Grid Expansion: Life Cycle Assessment, Modeling Approaches, Challenges, and Opportunities

“…Naturally, one of the easiest ways to expand the power grid in a sustainable fashion is to limit generation options to only renewables and disregard higher-polluting ones. This approach has been adopted by some authors, for instance, in [10,63,73,74]. Alternatively, authors in [75] proposed to incorporate the external costs of energy generation and transmission (e.g., costs due to environmental and societal damages) into the marginal production costs so that it impacts the supply and demand equilibrium.…”

Market Models and Operating Mechanism for Renewable Energy Enabled Indian Electricity Market

“…html). Transmission expansion planning techniques are provided for enhancing penetrations from renewable energy sources and to deal with the complexity related to integration of smart grid technology and electricity market [12]. The impact of increased wind power penetration to the grid on Iberian electricity market (Spain & Portugal) has been emphasized for having reduced spot prices [13].…”

Determine the reliable generating capacity of power systems with high HVDC penetration considering both stability and ancillary service requirements

“…Therefore, the total carbon emission, the carbon emission intensity, and the decrease rate of carbon emission should satisfy certain requirements. The authors in [5,[8][9][10] focus on the game between different investors in the market environment, which will further affect the system generating capacity. The authors in [6,7,[11][12][13] emphasise the randomness brought by the integration of large-scale renewable energies, thus the generating capacity should be adjusted to keep the security of the system.…”