Transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus from infected queens to kittens

Wasmoen, Terri; Armiger-Luhman, Stephanie; Egan, Claire; Hall, Vicki; Chu, Hsien-Jue; Chavez, Lloyd G.; Acree, W M

doi:10.1016/0165-2427(92)90123-8

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Pediatric infection can also be readily modeled by oral exposure to FIV [168,204]. Perinatally infected kittens develop similar clinical signs, alterations in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, antibody responses, and immune dysfunction as FIV infected adult cats although rapid progression and failure to thrive are also noted [163,164,243].…”

Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Pregnant queens can transmit FIV by both prenatal and postnatal routes with an overall infection rate up to 70% although more common transmission rates approximate 20% [163,254]. Milk transmission is the most common form of vertical/pediatric transmission and both the cell-free and cellassociated portions of milk and colostrum are significant sources of infectious FIV [163,164,204,243]. Milk transmission has been documented by foster-nursing experiments and virus can be detected in kittens following milk transmission as early as 2-weeks following the initial exposure [163].…”

Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mother-to-kitten transmission of FIV is an uncommon method of transmission for FIV although several strains are readily transmissible from infected cats (queens) to kitten by in-utero, milk/colostral, and/or intrapartum routes [36,163,164,204,243]. Pediatric infection can also be readily modeled by oral exposure to FIV [168,204].…”

Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmission and Immunopathogenesis of FIV in Cats as a Model for HIV

Burkhard

Dean²

2003

CHR

121

139

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The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) model provides a system to study lentivirus transmission, virus kinetics, pathogenesis, host responses, and immune dysfunction in a natural, out-bred host, under controlled conditions with specific-pathogen-free animals. The diversity of primary FIV strains can be exploited to mirror the range of disease manifestations associated with HIV infection. FIV is infectious via intravenous, intraperitoneal, intradermal, or subcutaneous injection as well as by atraumatic instillation onto the oral, vaginal, or rectal mucosa. Together, these features allow investigators to model specific aspects of HIV infection in a highly relevant and relatively inexpensive animal model. Well-developed areas of the FIV model include: (1) transmission of cell-associated as well as cell-free virus; (2) mucosal infectivity and immunopathogenesis; (3) vertical transmission; (4) acquired immunodeficiency including defects of the innate immune system; (5) thymic dysfunction; (6) neurotropism and neuropathogenesis; (7) host-virus interactions and the role of specific gene products; (8) efficacy of antiviral therapy; and (9) efficacy and immune correlates of experimental vaccines. This review will encompass areas specific to transmission and immunopathogenesis.

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Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vertical/pediatric Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transmission and Immunopathogenesis of FIV in Cats as a Model for HIV

Burkhard

Dean²

2003

CHR

121

139

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“…FIV is also transmitted vertically to offspring with a rate of 22-50% (Allison and Hoover 2003b;O'Neil et al 1996) with transmission occurring both in utero (~20% infection rate) and during nursing (~13% infection rate) (O'Neil et al 1996). However, offspring infected by this route often failed to show a sustained infection with FIV (Allison and Hoover 2003a) or clinical disease (Wasmoen et al 1992).…”

Section: Fiv: a Lentivirus Similar To Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Neuropathogenesis: From Cats to Calcium

Meeker

2006

Jrnl Neuroimmune Pharm

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Invasion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into the central and peripheral nervous system produces a wide range of neurological symptoms, which continue to persist even with adequate therapeutic suppression of the systemic viremia. The development of therapies designed to prevent the neurological complications of HIV require a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of virus penetration into the nervous system, infection, and subsequent neuropathogenesis. These processes, however, are difficult to study in humans. The identification of animal lentiviruses similar to HIV has provided useful models of HIV infection that have greatly facilitated these efforts. This review summarizes contributions made from in vitro and in vivo studies on the infectious and pathological interactions of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) with the nervous system. In vivo studies on FIV have provided insights into the natural progression of CNS disease as well as the contribution of various risk factors. In vitro studies have contributed to our understanding of immune cell trafficking, CNS infection and neuropathogenesis. Together, these studies have made unique contributions to our understanding of (1) lentiviral interactions at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier within the choroid plexus, (2) early FIV invasion and pathogenesis in the brain, and (3) lentiviral effects on intracellular calcium deregulation and neuronal dysfunction. The ability to combine in vitro and in vivo studies on FIV offers enormous potential to explore neuropathogenic mechanisms and generate information necessary for the development of effective therapeutic interventions.

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“…However, a recent study demonstrated that pregnant queens acutely infected with FIV can transmit the virus to their offspring [111]. In utero transmission [114] resulted in arrested fetal development, abortion, stillbirth, and birth of viable but infected kittens [115][116][117][118].…”

Section: Feline Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine and feline pregnancy loss due to viral and non-infectious causes: A review

2008

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Among the causes for pregnancy loss, viruses and non-infectious factors are among the most important. In both dogs and cats, research and clinical evidence provide proof that there is an increasing incidence of pregnancy loss associated with infectious diseases like herpesvirus, as well as the presence of toxicants or chemicals in the animal's diet and environment. Endocrine causes must be taken into consideration when dealing with pregnancy loss. This review will cover the most recent knowledge regarding viral and non-infectious of pregnancy losses in the dog and cat.

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Transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus from infected queens to kittens

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Transmission and Immunopathogenesis of FIV in Cats as a Model for HIV

Transmission and Immunopathogenesis of FIV in Cats as a Model for HIV

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Neuropathogenesis: From Cats to Calcium

Canine and feline pregnancy loss due to viral and non-infectious causes: A review

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