Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus during Computed Tomography Scanning with Contrast

Pañella, Helena; Rius, Cristina; Caylà, Joan A.

doi:10.3201/eid1402.060763

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Transmission may occur between injection drug users (IDU) sharing contaminated needles as well as in health caring settings as a result of reuse or ineffective sterilisation of medical equipment[ 3 ]. Occasionally, reported cases are associated with contaminated material used for tattooing, piercing and acupuncture[ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of acute hepatitis C virus infection in a large European city: Trends and new patterns

et al. 2017

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The aims of this study were to describe the evolution of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections since 2004 and to determine its associated factors. Acute HCV infections diagnosed in Barcelona from 2004 to 2015 were included. Incidence ratios (IR) were then estimated for sex and age groups. Cases were grouped between 2004–2005, 2006–2011 and 2012–2015, and their incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated. In addition, risk factors for acute HCV infection were identified using multinomial logistic regression for complete, available and multiple imputed data. 204 new HCV cases were identified. Two peaks of higher IR of acute HCV infection in 2005 and 2013 were observed. Men and those aged 35–54 had higher IR. IRR for men was 2.9 times greater than in women (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.8 ‒ 4.7). Factors related to the period 2012–2015 (versus 2006–2011) were: a) sexual risk factor for transmission versus nosocomial (relative-risk ratio (RRR): 13.0; 95% CI: 2.3 ‒ 72.1), b) higher educated versus lower (RRR: 5.4; 95% CI: 1.6 ‒ 18.7), and c) HIV co-infected versus not HIV-infected (RRR: 53.1; 95% CI: 5.7 ‒ 492.6). This is one of the few studies showing IR and RRRs of acute HCV infections and the first focused on a large city in Spain. Sexual risk for transmission between men, higher educational level and HIV co-infection are important factors for understanding current HCV epidemic. There has been a partial shift in the pattern of the risk factor for transmission from nosocomial to sexual.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of acute hepatitis C virus infection in a large European city: Trends and new patterns

et al. 2017

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“…The recent description of cases of acute hepatitis C associated with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) [6,7] has revived interest in the problem of the nosocomial transmission of pathogens in the radiological setting. Between August and November 2004, six cases of acute hepatitis C in outpatients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT were reported in Spain in two public hospitals and one private diagnostic centre.…”

Section: Standard Precautions Hand Hygiene and Infections Associatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…La recente descrizione di casi di epatite C acuta legata all'esecuzione di tomografia computerizzata (TC) con contrasto [6,7] performed. In some regions, outpatient diagnostic imaging accounts for as much as 70% of total services, whereas 20% of all diagnostic imaging studies are performed in nonhospital settings [8].…”

Section: Precauzioni Standard Igiene Delle Mani Ed Infezioni Associaunclassified

Norme igieniche e trasmissione delle infezioni in diagnostica per immagini

et al. 2009

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Healthcare-associated infections are a critical challenge for the public health sector. Most are acquired through contact, predominantly with the hands of health care personnel. Hand hygiene, therefore, is the single most effective measure for preventing and controlling infectious diseases. Recently, cases of acute hepatitis C occurred in patients who had undergone contrast-enhanced computed tomography. This was probably related to inadequate handling by health care staff. Rigorous compliance with standard precautions is therefore compulsory even in radiology, a setting traditionally considered at low risk for the transmission of pathogens. Adherence to standard precautions is still poor and the persistence of inappropriate practices responsible for preventable incidents is very common in radiology, often owing to underestimation of risk. Radiology units must promote compliance with correct hand hygiene through appropriate education programmes and provision of adequate areas and hand hygiene products. The evidence base to support the use of alcohol-based hand rub is demonstrating that these formulations are effective in improving hand hygiene compliance and preventing infections.

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“…The re-use of CM left in multiple-dose bottles by autoinjector syringe filling after a radiological procedure has also been associated with an increased risk of contamination and patient infection (2, 4 -8, 14, 15). It is common for equipment to be connected to a patient by the intravenous route through an extension tube fitted with a non-return valve 2 this extension tube is then changed for each patient, thus reducing the risk of cross-contamination between patients; however, transmission of blood-borne diseases between patients has been known to occur despite such precautions during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) (15,16). Although risk of contamination can, therefore, be reduced through the implementation of hygienic barriers (7) and good aseptic techniques during equipment/injection set-up, a risk of contamination remains with multiple-use products, even with optimized hygienic environments (4,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

An observational study to evaluate the efficiency and safety of ioversol pre-filled syringes compared with ioversol bottles in contrast-enhanced examinations

2012

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Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus during Computed Tomography Scanning with Contrast

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Evolution of acute hepatitis C virus infection in a large European city: Trends and new patterns

Evolution of acute hepatitis C virus infection in a large European city: Trends and new patterns

Norme igieniche e trasmissione delle infezioni in diagnostica per immagini

An observational study to evaluate the efficiency and safety of ioversol pre-filled syringes compared with ioversol bottles in contrast-enhanced examinations

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