Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Through Casual Contact With an Infectious Case

Golub, Jonathan E.; Cronin, Wendy A.; Obasanjo, Olugbenga O.; Coggin, William; Moore, K. T.; Pope, Diana S.; Thompson, Darcy A.; Sterling, Timothy R.; Harrington, Susan M.; Bishai, William R.; Chaisson, Richard E.

doi:10.1001/archinte.161.18.2254

Cited by 68 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The results obtained also underline the well-known fact that casual contacts and sporadic cases, although difficult to detect, are responsible for most of the microepidemics and constitute an important means of TB transmission (6). Our next objective is to better describe the genetic diversity of the M. tuberculosis complex worldwide, which may be achieved by recruitment of adequate clinical isolates or DNA samples or inclusion of representative spoligotyping data in the database.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study

et al. 2003

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The present update on the global distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex spoligotypes provides both the octal and binary descriptions of the spoligotypes for M. tuberculosis complex, including Mycobacterium bovis, from >90 countries (13,008 patterns grouped into 813 shared types containing 11,708 isolates and 1,300 orphan patterns). A number of potential indices were developed to summarize the information on the biogeographical specificity of a given shared type, as well as its geographical spreading (matching code and spreading index, respectively). To facilitate the analysis of hundreds of spoligotypes each made up of a binary succession of 43 bits of information, a number of major and minor visual rules were also defined. A total of six major rules (A to F) with the precise description of the extra missing spacers (minor rules) were used to define 36 major clades (or families) of M. tuberculosis. Some major clades identified were the East African-Indian (EAI) clade, the Beijing clade, the Haarlem clade, the Latin American and Mediterranean (LAM) clade, the Central Asian (CAS) clade, a European clade of IS6110 low banders (X; highly prevalent in the United States and United

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study

et al. 2003

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“…No clear evidence exists about the lowest infectant dose of MTB, since transmission after brief and casual contacts was reported (Golub et al 2001). Moreover, in most MDR-TB patients infectious particles are produced in a wide range of variability and environment contamination is strongly associated with cough frequency, supporting the observations of MTB transmission after brief exposure (Fennelly et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Room size is the major determinant for tuberculin conversion in health care workers exposed to a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patient

Franchi

Richeldi

Parrinello

et al. 2006

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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“…In molecular epidemiology, research or public health questions range from the analysis of exogenous reinfection (e.g., in hospitals) to the analysis of particular outbreaks and population-based longitudinal epidemiological studies (Small et al 1993a(Small et al ,b, 1994Aznar et al 1995;Barnes et al 1996;Golub et al 2001;Diel et al 2002;Allix-Beguec et al 2008c). Because the timescale considered is relatively short and before the advent of NGS, molecular epidemiology has focused on the analysis of changes driven by specific, highly polymorphic genetic markers.…”

Section: Molecular Epidemiology By Classical Genotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Moving to Whole-Genome-Based Approaches

Niemann

Supply

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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Genotyping of clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) strains has become a standard tool for epidemiological tracing and for the investigation of the local and global strain population structure. Of special importance is the analysis of the expansion of multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains. Classical genotyping and, more recently, whole-genome sequencing have revealed that the strains of the MTBC are more diverse than previously anticipated. Globally, several phylogenetic lineages can be distinguished whose geographical distribution is markedly variable. Strains of particular (sub)-lineages, such as Beijing, seem to be more virulent and associated with enhanced resistance levels and fitness, likely fueling their spread in certain world regions. The upcoming generalization of whole-genome sequencing approaches will expectedly provide more comprehensive insights into the molecular and epidemiological mechanisms involved and lead to better diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

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Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Through Casual Contact With an Infectious Case

Cited by 68 publications

References 23 publications

Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study

Snapshot of Moving and Expanding Clones of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Their Global Distribution Assessed by Spoligotyping in an International Study

Room size is the major determinant for tuberculin conversion in health care workers exposed to a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patient

Diversity and Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Moving to Whole-Genome-Based Approaches

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