Transmission of Oropouche Virus from Man to Hamster by the Midge
            <i>Culicoides paraensis</i>

Pinheiro, F. P.; Rosa, A.P.A. Travassos da; Gomes, M. L. C.; LeDuc, James W.; Hoch, A. L.

doi:10.1126/science.6800036

Cited by 69 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This species is typically found at high density during epidemics of ORO and bites humans both inside houses and outside (64,153). Biological transmission has been demonstrated via C. paraensis, from infected to susceptible hamsters and from infected humans to susceptible hamsters with transmission rates as high as 83% (146,147). Transmission of OROV between hamsters has also been demonstrated using the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus, although this is much less efficient.…”

Section: Oropouche Virusmentioning

confidence: 98%

CulicoidesBiting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

Mellor

Boorman

Baylis

2000

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

908

871

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Culicoides biting midges are among the most abundant of haematophagous insects, and occur throughout most of the inhabited world. Across this broad range they transmit a great number of assorted pathogens of human, and domestic and wild animals, but it is as vectors of arboviruses, and particularly arboviruses of domestic livestock, that they achieve their prime importance. To date, more than 50 such viruses have been isolated from Culicoides spp. and some of these cause diseases of such international significance that they have been allocated Office International des Epizooties (OIE) List A status. Culicoides are world players in the epidemiology of many important arboviral diseases. In this context this paper deals with those aspects of midge biology facilitating disease transmission, describes the factors controlling insect-virus interactions at the individual insect and population level, and illustrates the far-reaching effects that certain components of climate have upon the midges and, hence, transmission potential.

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Section: Oropouche Virusmentioning

confidence: 98%

CulicoidesBiting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

Mellor

Boorman

Baylis

2000

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

908

871

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“…Symptoms last between 2 and 7 days, with some patients reporting a recurrence of these symptoms (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). OROV is transmitted among humans via the biting midge Culicoides paraensis and is maintained in the wild by circulating in nonhuman primates, such as the pale-throated three-toed sloth (Bradypus tridactylus) and the black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), though the vectors remain largely unknown (3)(4)(5)(10)(11)(12). Laboratory experiments and epidemiological surveys have reported that mosquitoes Aedes serratus, Aedes scapularis, Aedes albopictus, Culex fatigans, Culex quiquefaciatus, Coquilettidia venezuelensis, and Psorophora ferox are susceptible to OROV infection (13)(14)(15)(16).…”

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confidence: 99%

Generation of Recombinant Oropouche Viruses Lacking the Nonstructural Protein NSm or NSs

Tilston-Lunel

Acrani

Randall

et al. 2016

J Virol

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Oropouche virus (OROV) is a midge-borne human pathogen with a geographic distribution in South America. OROV was first isolated in 1955, and since then, it has been known to cause recurring outbreaks of a dengue-like illness in the Amazonian regions of Brazil. OROV, however, remains one of the most poorly understood emerging viral zoonoses. Here we describe the successful recovery of infectious OROV entirely from cDNA copies of its genome and generation of OROV mutant viruses lacking either the NSm or the NSs coding region. Characterization of the recombinant viruses carried out in vitro demonstrated that the NSs protein of OROV is an interferon (IFN) antagonist as in other NSs-encoding bunyaviruses. Additionally, we demonstrate the importance of the nine C-terminal amino acids of OROV NSs in IFN antagonistic activity. OROV was also found to be sensitive to IFN-␣ when cells were pretreated; however, the virus was still capable of replicating at doses as high as 10,000 U/ml of IFN-␣, in contrast to the family prototype BUNV. We found that OROV lacking the NSm protein displayed characteristics similar to those of the wild-type virus, suggesting that the NSm protein is dispensable for virus replication in the mammalian and mosquito cell lines that were tested. IMPORTANCE Oropouche virus (OROV) is a public health threat in Central andSouth America, where it causes periodic outbreaks of denguelike illness. In Brazil, OROV is the second most frequent cause of arboviral febrile illness after dengue virus, and with the current rates of urban expansion, more cases of this emerging viral zoonosis could occur. To better understand the molecular biology of OROV, we have successfully rescued the virus along with mutants. We have established that the C terminus of the NSs protein is important in interferon antagonism and that the NSm protein is dispensable for virus replication in cell culture. The tools described in this paper are important in terms of understanding this important yet neglected human pathogen.

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“…Arbo-bunyaviruses infecting humans and other animals are generally maintained in arthropod vectors and amplified in nonhuman vertebrates, although a few reports suggest that humans may serve as amplifying reservoirs during urban epidemics [1,9,[43][44][45][46]. Horizontal human-to-human transmission has rarely been reported and only occurs under specific circumstances, for example, exposure of healthcare personnel to CCHFVinfected patients [46].…”

Section: Virus Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bunyaviruses: From Transmission by Arthropods to Virus Entry into the Mammalian Host First-Target Cells

Léger

Lozach

2015

Future Virol.

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The Bunyaviridae constitute a large family of animal RNA viruses distributed worldwide, most members of which are transmitted to vertebrate hosts by arthropods and can cause severe pathologies in humans and livestock. With an increasing number of outbreaks, arthropod-borne bunyaviruses (arbo-bunyaviruses) present a global threat to public health and agricultural productivity. Yet transmission, tropism, receptors and cell entry remain poorly characterized. The focus of this review is on the initial infection of mammalian hosts by arbo-bunyaviruses from cellular and molecular perspectives, with particular attention to the human host. We address current knowledge and advances regarding the identity of the first-target cells and the subsequent processes of entry and penetration into the cytosol. Aspects of the vector-to-host switch that influence the early steps of cell infection in mammalian skin, where incoming particles are introduced by infected arthropods, are also highlighted and discussed.

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Transmission of Oropouche Virus from Man to Hamster by the Midge Culicoides paraensis

Cited by 69 publications

References 7 publications

CulicoidesBiting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

CulicoidesBiting Midges: Their Role as Arbovirus Vectors

Generation of Recombinant Oropouche Viruses Lacking the Nonstructural Protein NSm or NSs

Bunyaviruses: From Transmission by Arthropods to Virus Entry into the Mammalian Host First-Target Cells

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