Transmission of Serum Hepatitis

Lf, Barker; Nr, Shulman; Murray, Rachel C.; Rj, Hirschman; F, Ratner; Wc, Diefenbach; Hm, Geller

doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03540100085042

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Hepatitis B virus infects the liver of hominoidea, including humans and causes an inflammation called hepatitis, originally known as serum hepatitis [8]. Hepatitis B virus causes liver diseases that vary greatly in severity from person to person [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Some Immunological and Haematological Indices of Hepatitis B Infected Subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

Francisca¹,

Jc²,

Ifeanyi³

et al. 2017

J Biomedical Sci

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This study was carried out to evaluate some immunological and haematological indices of HBV infected subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi. A total of 150 blood samples were collected from confirmed HBV positive subjects that have tested negative to HIV and HCV and consisted of (65 males) and (85 females) with average age of 35 years. A 102 apparently healthy subjects (controls), consisted of (58 males) and (44 females) with average age of 35 years. The investigations for positive and control subjects were done using standard methods. Haematological parameters were assessed using Sysmex KX-21 N automated counter. CD4 was estimated using Partec CD4 easy count kit with Partec IVD Flow Cytometer. IgG and IgM levels were determined using quantitative turbidmetric method at 540 and 340 nm. Serological markers: HBsAg, HBeAg, HBsAb, HBeAb and HBcAb were determined using one step cassette HBV test kit. Results revealed that there was significant difference between the haemoglobin concentration, monocytes and packed cell volume of hepatitis B infected subjects of different age group (P<0.05). The IgM of the positive subjects was significantly lower than that of the control negative subjects (P<0.05). The IgM of the HbAg positive markers was significantly lower than that of the control negative counterpart likewise the female subjects (P<0.05). The CD4 count, absolute eosinophils count and monocytes count of HbsAg positive subjects were significantly lower than that of the HbAg negative subjects (P<0.05). The absolute eosinophils count of HbAg positive males was significantly lower than that of the control negative subjects (P<0.05). We also discovered that the CD4 count, absolute lymphocyte count and monocytes counts were significantly lower in HbAg positive females than their control counterpart (P<0.05). The haemoglobin concentration, eosinophils count and monocytes count of the HbAg positive subjects was significantly lower than that of the control counterparts. It also revealed high prevalence markers of HBV in the study population as, HBsAg (88%) , HBeAg (30.7%) , HBsAb (4.0%) , HBeAb (8.0%) , HBcAb (13.3%) and high prevalence HBcAb (54.9 %) markers in control negative subjects (P<0.05) . The importance of proper evaluation using all hepatitis B markers for immunological and haematological diagnosis of hepatitis B virus infection cannot be neglected.The result of this study shows the need to include all the serological markers, immunological and haematological parameters in routine diagnosis of HBV infection in Nigeria. It also confirms the fact that testing blood donors for HBsAg alone is not sufficient to eliminate HBV from blood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Some Immunological and Haematological Indices of Hepatitis B Infected Subjects in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria

Francisca¹,

Jc²,

Ifeanyi³

et al. 2017

J Biomedical Sci

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“…Hepatitis B is also an infectious illness caused by (HBV) which infects the liver of hominoidea, including humans, and causes hepatitis [124]. Interferon-alpha2 (IFNalpha2) is routinely used for anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment.…”

Section: Hepatitis C and Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Therapy in Liver Diseases: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Domvri¹,

Porpodis²,

Koffa³

et al. 2012

CGT

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Gene therapy is a fundamentally novel therapeutic approach that involves introducing genetic material into target cells in order to fight or prevent disease. A number of different strategies of gene therapy are tested at experimental and clinical levels, including: a) replacing a mutated gene that causes disease with a healthy copy of the gene, b) inactivating a mutated gene that its improper function causes pathogenesis, c) introducing a new gene coding a therapeutic compound to fight a disease, d) introducing to the target organ an enzyme converting an inactive pro-drug to its cytotoxic metabolite. In gene therapy, the transcriptional machinery of the patient is used to produce the active factor that exerts the intended therapeutic effect, ideally in a permanent, tissue-specific and manageable way. The liver is a major target for gene therapy, presenting inherited metabolic defects of single-gene etiology, but also severe multifactorial pathologies with limited therapeutic options such as hepatocellular carcinoma. The initial promising results from gene therapy strategies in liver diseases were followed by skepticism on the actual clinical value due to specificity, efficacy, toxicity and immune limitations, but are recently re-evaluated due to progress in vector technology and monitoring techniques. The significant amount of experimental data along with the available information from clinical trials are systematically reviewed here and presented per pathological entity. Finally, future perspectives of gene therapy protocols in hepatology are summarized.

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“…Hepatitis B is an infectious illness caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) which infects the liver of hominoidea, including humans, and causes an inflammation called serum hepatitis [46]. Originally known as "serum hepatitis", the disease has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa, and it is endemic in China [47].…”

Section: Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%