Transmission of signals through sympathetic ganglia – modulation, integration or simply distribution?

McLachlan, Elspeth M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01075.x

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This input is suprathreshold for generating action potential and provides the dominant drive to the target neuron 5 , 27 . The remaining inputs are usually subthreshold for action potential generation.…”

Section: The Basic Organization Of Autonomic Gangliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional organization of autonomic neural pathways

Gibbins

2013

Organogenesis

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There is now abundant functional and anatomical evidence that autonomic motor pathways represent a highly organized output of the central nervous system. Simplistic notions of antagonistic all-or-none activation of sympathetic or parasympathetic pathways are clearly wrong. Sympathetic or parasympathetic pathways to specific target tissues generally can be activated tonically or phasically, depending on current physiological requirements. For example, at rest, many sympathetic pathways are tonically active, such as those limiting blood flow to the skin, inhibiting gastrointestinal tract motility and secretion, or allowing continence in the urinary bladder. Phasic parasympathetic activity can be seen in lacrimation, salivation or urination. Activity in autonomic motor pathways can be modulated by diverse sensory inputs, including the visual, auditory and vestibular systems, in addition to various functional populations of visceral afferents. Identifying the central pathways responsible for coordinated autonomic activity has made considerable progress, but much more needs to be done.

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Section: The Basic Organization Of Autonomic Gangliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional organization of autonomic neural pathways

Gibbins

2013

Organogenesis

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“…However only a subset of inputs (generally those that arise in one spinal segment) transmits the centrally derived command signal to the postganglionic neurones. This results because, in individual postganglionic neurones, transmission occurs in an all-or-none manner from a single input, as at the skeletal neuromuscular junction [21]. By recording intracellularly, and recruiting preganglionic inputs using graded stimuli, each postganglionic neurone can be shown to receive one “strong” excitatory input (rarely 2 or 3) that is always suprathreshold for action potential initiation, as well as several subthreshold excitatory inputs.…”

Section: Transmission Of Vasoconstrictor Signals Through Sympathetic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of sympathetic vasoconstrictor pathways and their plasticity after spinal cord injury

McLachlan

2007

Clin Auton Res

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“…For detailed information on the central and paraspinal ganglionic features associated with efferent sympathetic patterns, the reader is directed to previous excellent work (37,48,184,193). The pre-to-postganglionic transduction represents an additional significant stage of control and excellent research and reviews on this aspect have been provided (142,185,186,189).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Control of Vascular Function in Skeletal Muscle

Shoemaker

Badrov

Al‐Khazraji

et al. 2015

Comprehensive Physiology

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The sympathetic nervous system represents a fundamental homeostatic system that exerts considerable control over blood pressure and the distribution of blood flow. This process has been referred to as neurovascular control. Overall, the concept of neurovascular control includes the following elements: efferent postganglionic sympathetic nerve activity, neurotransmitter release, and the end organ response. Each of these elements reflects multiple levels of control that, in turn, affect complex patterns of change in vascular contractile state. Primarily, this review discusses several of these control layers that combine to produce the integrative physiology of reflex vascular control observed in skeletal muscle. Beginning with three reflexes that provide somewhat dissimilar vascular patterns of response despite similar changes in efferent sympathetic nerve activity, namely, the baroreflex, chemoreflex, and muscle metaboreflex, the article discusses the anatomical and physiological bases of postganglionic sympathetic discharge patterns and recruitment, neurotransmitter release and management, and details of regional variations of receptor density and responses within the microvascular bed. Challenges are addressed regarding the fundamentals of measurement and how conclusions from one response or vascular segment should not be used as an indication of neurovascular control as a generalized physiological dogma. Whereas the bulk of the article focuses on the vasoconstrictor function of sympathetic neurovascular integration, attention is also given to the issues of sympathetic vasodilation as well as the impact of chronic changes in sympathetic activation and innervation on vascular health. © 2016 American Physiological Society.

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Transmission of signals through sympathetic ganglia – modulation, integration or simply distribution?

Abstract: Preganglionic signals are distributed widely through paravertebral ganglia with little modification.

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Functional organization of autonomic neural pathways

Functional organization of autonomic neural pathways

Diversity of sympathetic vasoconstrictor pathways and their plasticity after spinal cord injury

Neural Control of Vascular Function in Skeletal Muscle

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