Transmission of Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii) by Foods

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Community Towards Zoonotic Importance of <i>Toxoplasma</i> Infection in Central Afar Region, North East Ethiopia

“…In pregnant women, infection during early pregnancy is more serious compared to infection in late gestation, but the likelihood of disease transmission increases during the progression of pregnancy. Toxoplasma infection in the first trimester often causes abortion and late infection causes premature birth, or may lead to adverse complications and even death in babies [6,19].…”

“…If the infected tissue of an animal being consumed; it acts as a transmission mode of infection. Furthermore, this parasitic infection can be transmitted by ingestion of Toxoplasma oocysts, contaminated fruits and vegetables or unclean water, through blood transfusion, and by receiving organ transplant .Exposures to contaminated feces while cleaning cat's litter, gardening, or handling contaminated soils are some of the ways of this parasitic infection being transmitted [6]. All forms of toxoplasmosis that occur in normal individuals may also occur in higher degree in immuno compromised patients.…”

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection in Women with First Trimester Spontaneous Miscarriage in Qena Governorate, Egypt

“…We cannot grantee that it was responsible for pregnancy loss in this study. In pregnancy, it is mandatory to perform additional conclusive tests that must include, IgG avidity test, PCR, IgA and IgE, on individuals with both positive IgG and IgM [19], because Toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies may be persist as long as 18 months after acute acquired infection [20].…”

Sero-epidemiology and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women in Arab and African countries

“…Yet, the diagnosis remains a challenge to health care providers. In pregnancy, it is essential to perform conclusive tests that must include PCR, IgA, IgG avidity test, and IgE, on individuals with both positive IgG and IgM (Pereira et al 2010;Wilson et al 2003), because toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies may persist as long as 18 months after acute acquired infection (Pereira et al 2010). However, biopsy, which is very specific, should be reserved for selective cases, especially in pregnancy, as it is an invasive procedure.…”