Transmission‐Reflection‐Integrated Multifunctional Coding Metasurface for Full‐Space Controls of Electromagnetic Waves

Zhang, Lei; Wu, Rui Yuan; Bai, Guo Dong; Wu, Hao; Ma, Qian; Chen, Xiao Qing; Cui, Tie Jun

doi:10.1002/adfm.201802205

Cited by 261 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This section applies the proposed methodology on a particular beam steering metasurface. There are several ways to achieve beam steering, being gradient-index methods the most common [39]- [41]. This means that unit cells generate a metasurface-wide phase gradient, whose value depends on the target direction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Tolerance in Programmable Metasurfaces: The Beam Steering Case

Taghvaee

Abadal

Georgiou

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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Metasurfaces, the two-dimensional counterpart of metamaterials, have caught great attention thanks to their powerful control over electromagnetic waves. Recent times have seen the emergence of a variety of metasurfaces exhibiting not only countless functionalities, but also a reconfigurable or even programmable response. Reconfigurability, however, entails the integration of tuning and control circuits within the metasurface structure and, as this new paradigm moves forward, new reliability challenges may arise. This paper examines, for the first time, the reliability problem in programmable metamaterials by proposing an error model and a general methodology for error analysis. To derive the error model, the causes and potential impact of faults are identified and discussed qualitatively. The methodology is presented and instantiated for beam steering, which constitutes a relevant example for programmable metasurfaces. Results show that performance degradation depends on the type of error and its spatial distribution and that, in beam steering, error rates over 10% can still be considered acceptable.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Tolerance in Programmable Metasurfaces: The Beam Steering Case

Taghvaee

Abadal

Georgiou

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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“…As a result, three different CGHs are imparted with a single metasurface at the optical frequency. Some studies have been made to control light in transmission and reflection space together [42,53,54,66,[92][93][94]. For instance, the structure shown in Figure 5B takes advantage of the fact that incident light is reflected when two transmitted lights are out of phase in the range where no diffraction order occurs [53].…”

Section: Recent Metasurface Holography Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progresses in the practical metasurface for holography and lens

Sung

Lee

2019

Nanophotonics

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Metasurfaces have received enormous attention thanks to their unique ability to modulate electromagnetic properties of light in various frequency regimes. Recently, exploiting its fabrication ease and modulation strength, unprecedented and unique controlling of light that surpasses conventional optical devices has been suggested and studied a lot. Here, in this paper, we discuss some parts of this trend including holography, imaging application, dispersion control, and multiplexing, mostly operating for optical frequency regime. Finally, we will outlook the future of the devices with recent applications of these metasurfaces.

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“…However, most of the current designs of digital metasurfaces mainly rely on the phase code, and thus the radiation beams and corresponding manipulations can only be implemented in half space of the sample, either backward or forward space. Here, based on the works about full‐space EM controls, we further establish the concept of reflection–transmission (R–T) amplitude code to realize more advanced full‐space EM manipulations. More importantly, we propose to adopt PIN diodes to achieve real‐time controls of the R–T amplitude code without changing the polarization of the incident waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Metasurface with Phase Code and Reflection–Transmission Amplitude Code for Flexible Full‐Space Electromagnetic Manipulations

Zhang

Bao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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126

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IntroductionMetasurfaces have attracted much attention due to a number of unique properties to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves flexibly and artificially. [1][2][3][4][5] Different from 3D metamaterials, metasurfaces are 2D periodic or nonperiodic arrays of subwavelength Digital coding metasurfaces have been introduced to describe the properties of metasurfaces digitally and provide a new approach to link the physical world and information science. However, most of the current digital metasurfaces are focused on phase code, limiting their functions and applications. Here, the concept of reflection-transmission (R-T) amplitude code is established, and novel digital metasurfaces for full-space electromagnetic (EM) manipulations are proposed, in which the digital states of the R-T amplitude code "0" and "1" represent the total reflection and transmission, respectively. The introduction of the R-T amplitude code enables a full-space communication system and larger information capacity by associating with phase codes. For this purpose, first a novel polarization-dependent R-T amplitude code is proposed, which is distinguished by the polarization of the incidence. Further positive-intrinsic-negative (PIN) diodes are adopted to realize dynamic R-T amplitude code, resulting in real-time controls of far-field radiation characteristics. Good agreements between simulations and experiments demonstrate the powerful ability to manipulate the EM waves by combining the R-T amplitude and phase codes, indicating great potentials in new digital metasurface-based information, radar, and imaging systems.

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Transmission‐Reflection‐Integrated Multifunctional Coding Metasurface for Full‐Space Controls of Electromagnetic Waves

Cited by 261 publications

References 46 publications

Fault Tolerance in Programmable Metasurfaces: The Beam Steering Case

Fault Tolerance in Programmable Metasurfaces: The Beam Steering Case

Progresses in the practical metasurface for holography and lens

Digital Metasurface with Phase Code and Reflection–Transmission Amplitude Code for Flexible Full‐Space Electromagnetic Manipulations

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