Transmitter characteristics of cutaneous, renal and skeletal muscle small arteries in the rat

Tarasova, O. S.; Sjöblom-Widfeldt, N.; Nilsson, Holger

doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01057.x

Cited by 27 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…2A) (5,14,19,22,24). In WT arteries, an initial, rapid, transient vasoconstriction, peaking and falling in the first 10 s, was followed by a slower further constriction during EFS at 2, 4, 8, and 16 Hz for 1 min (Fig.…”

Section: Contractile Responsesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Neurally released ATP also activates rapid, brief postjunctional membrane potential depolarization (excitatory junction potentials). Thus it has been postulated that sympathetically released ATP "may be important for redistribution of cardiac output during the" fight or flight "response, when blood flow is rapidly and preferentially directed to the heart and skeletal muscle as a result of vasoconstriction in kidneys and visceral organs" (24). This is thought to occur because neurally released ATP plays a greater role in activating contraction of proximal small arteries of cutaneous, mesenteric, and renal circulations than in small arteries from skeletal muscle and because, in the arteries in which ATP is important, sympathetic neurogenic contractions rise very much more rapidly than in those in which it is not (24).…”

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confidence: 99%

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P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries

Lamont¹,

Vial²,

Evans³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Brief, spatially localized Ca(2+) transients occur in the smooth muscle adjacent to perivascular nerves of small arteries during neurogenic contractions. We named these "junctional Ca(2+) transients" (jCaTs) and postulated that they arose from Ca(2+) entering smooth muscle cells through P2X(1) receptors activated by neurally released ATP. Nevertheless, the lack of potent, subtype-selective P2X-receptor antagonists made determining the exact molecular identity of the channels difficult. Here we used small, pressurized mesenteric arteries from P2X(1)-receptor-deficient mice (KO) to test the hypothesis that jCaTs arise from Ca(2+) entering the smooth muscle cell via P2X(1) receptors. In wild-type (WT) arteries, confocal microscopy of fluo-4 fluorescence during electrical field stimulation (EFS) of perivascular sympathetic nerves revealed jCaTs in the smooth muscle cells adjacent to the perivascular nerves, similar to those reported previously in rat arteries, and alpha-latrotoxin (2.5 nM) markedly increased the frequency of "spontaneous" jCaTs. In the KO arteries, however, neither EFS nor alpha-latrotoxin elicited any jCaTs. A potent P2X-receptor agonist, alpha,beta-methylene ATP (10.0 microM), elicited strong contractions and increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration in WT arteries but elicited neither in KO arteries. A biphasic vasoconstriction in response to EFS was observed in WT arteries. In KO arteries, however, the initial rapid, transient component of the biphasic vasoconstriction was absent. The data support the hypothesis that jCaTs represent Ca(2+) that enters the smooth muscle cells through P2X(1) receptors activated by neurally released ATP and that this Ca(2+) is involved in the initial rapid component of the sympathetic neurogenic contraction.

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Section: Contractile Responsesmentioning

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries

Lamont¹,

Vial²,

Evans³

et al. 2006

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…43 Cardiovascular effects of adenosine can be modulated by genetic factors (e.g., a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding for adenosine monophosphate deaminase), by metabolic factors (e.g., by the plasma homocysteine concentration), and by drugs, such as caffeine, dipyridamole, and methotrexate. 44 Moreover, purinergic and adrenergic components of the neurogenic response of small arteries differ between vessels from different vascular beds, and even between vessels from different levels within the same vascular bed, and may contribute to the regional specificity of sympathetic control of blood vessels. 45 A potential limitation of our study is related to the fact that most of the hypertensive patients were on angiotensin-receptor blockers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coffee, nutritional status, and renal artery resistive index

et al. 2010

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Background: The relationship between nutrition and atherosclerosis is known, even dissociated from protein malnutrition. Cardiovascular impact of several nutrients is known; among them the action of coffee is still debated and cardiovascular effect of caffeine has been investigated without definite results. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether coffee habits, and/or quantity of coffee consumption, have any relationship with renal resistive index (RRI), a hallmark of arterial stiffness (AS). The relationship of AS with nutritional status assessed by body composition and serum albumin, insulin resistance (assessed by HOMA), and renal function assessed by glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is concurrently investigated. Methods: This study was done with 221 consecutive patients, without diabetes, cancer, liver, renal, and heart disease, referred for clinical noninvasive assessment and nutritional counseling: 124 essential hypertensive and 97 nonhypertensive patients were eligible. Personalized Mediterranean diet, physical activity increase, and smoking withdrawal counseling were provided. Results: By multiple linear regression, fat-free mass (FFM), HOMA (positive relationship), and number of cups of coffee/day (negative relationship) account for 17.2% of the variance to RRI. By odds ratios lower risk to increased RRI is associated with higher serum albumin, higher hemoglobin, and FFM; greater risk is associated with hypertension, insulin resistance (HOMA ≥ 3.0), and renal insufficiency (GFR ≤ 90); coffee, assessed by number of cups/day, reduces risk. Conclusion: Coffee use is inversely associated with RRI. Habitual coffee users have risk protection to higher RRI; lower serum albumin, insulin resistance, and renal insufficiency are associated with greater RRI.

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“…However, it is now recognized that NE also binds to postsynaptic ␣2-receptors and that the nonadrenergic neurotransmitters ATP and NPY contribute to sympathetic vasoconstriction through binding with purinergic (P 2x ) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors on vascular smooth muscle (2, 4 -7, 10, 20 -22, 34, 35, 46, 51, 52, 54, 55). The type, pattern, and quantity of neurotransmitter released are sensitive to the frequency of neuron firing (2,20,22,34,35,46,54,55). In particular, low-discharge frequencies favor ATP release followed by NE, whereas midrange discharge frequencies produce both ATP and NE release, and high discharge frequencies favor NPY release (21,34,46,51).…”

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confidence: 99%

Is tonic sympathetic vasoconstriction increased in the skeletal muscle vasculature of aged canines?

DeLorey

Buckwalter

Mittelstadt

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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.2010.-We tested the hypothesis that tonic adrenergic and nonadrenergic receptor-mediated sympathetic vasoconstriction would increase at rest and during exercise with advancing age. Young (n ϭ 6; 22 Ϯ 1 mo; means Ϯ SE) and old (n ϭ 6; 118 Ϯ 9 mo) beagles were studied. Selective antagonists for alpha-1, alpha-2, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and purinergic (P2x) receptors were infused at rest and during treadmill running at 2.5 mph and 4 mph with 2.5% grade. Prazosin produced similar increases in vascular conductance in young and old beagles at rest (Young: 158 Ϯ 34%; Old: 98 Ϯ 19%) and during exercise at 2.5 mph (Young: 80 Ϯ 10%; Old: 58 Ϯ 12%) and 4 mph and 2.5% grade (Young: 57 Ϯ 5%; Old: 26 Ϯ 4%). Rauwolscine caused similar (P Ͼ 0.05) increases in vascular conductance in old compared with young dogs at rest (Young: 119 Ϯ 25%; Old: 64 Ϯ 22%) and at 2.5 mph (Young: 86 Ϯ 13%; Old: 60 Ϯ 7%) and 4 mph with 2.5% grade (Young: 61 Ϯ 5%; Old: 43 Ϯ 7%). N2-(diphenylacetyl)-N-[4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-D-arginine amide (BIBP) caused a smaller increase (P Ͻ 0.05) in vascular conductance in old compared with young dogs at rest (Young: 179 Ϯ 44%; Old: 91 Ϯ 22%), whereas similar increases (P Ͼ 0.05) of experimental limb vascular conductance in young and old dogs occurred following BIBP during exercise at 2.5 mph (Young: 56 Ϯ 16%; Old: 50 Ϯ 12%) and 4 mph and 2.5% grade (Young: 45 Ϯ 10%; Old: 25 Ϯ 7%). Pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2=-4=-disulfonic acid infusion produced a larger increase in vascular conductance in old compared with young beagles at rest (Young: 88 Ϯ 14%; Old: 191 Ϯ 58%), whereas similar increases were observed at 2.5 mph (Young: 47 Ϯ 18%; Old: 31 Ϯ 11%) and 4 mph with 2.5% grade (Young: 26 Ϯ 13%; Old: Ϫ18 Ϯ 8%). At rest, NPY receptor-mediated restraint of skeletal muscle blood flow was reduced with advancing age, whereas P2x receptor-mediated restraint of skeletal muscle blood flow was increased. During exercise, the magnitude of adrenergic and nonadrenergic sympathetic vasoconstriction was not different between young and old dogs. Overall, these data demonstrate that adrenergic receptor-mediated vasoconstriction was not elevated at rest, but nonadrenergic sympathetic vasoconstriction was altered under basal conditions in aged beagles.aging; sympathetic vasoconstriction; skeletal muscle; exercise AGING IS ASSOCIATED WITH A decline in aerobic capacity (12)(13)(14). An inability to augment cardiac output during exercise has been functionally linked to the reduced exercise tolerance with aging (1, 23, 36, 53). A blunted skeletal muscle blood flow response to dynamic exercise has also been reported in older humans and animals (1,33,37,47,48,50). However, other studies have documented preserved skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise in aged humans (38,40,44,49). Thus, the effect of aging on the control of skeletal muscle blood flow appears to be an unresolved issue in the scientific literature.The observation of elevated efferent muscle sympathetic nerve activity in older adults at rest (16, 43) has led to the notio...

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Transmitter characteristics of cutaneous, renal and skeletal muscle small arteries in the rat

Abstract: It thus appears that the noradrenaline/ATP ratio of the sympathetic vasoconstrictor response differs between vascular beds in a way that is consistent with known differences in the selective regulation of regional vascular resistance by the sympathetic nervous system.

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries

P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries

Coffee, nutritional status, and renal artery resistive index

Is tonic sympathetic vasoconstriction increased in the skeletal muscle vasculature of aged canines?

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Transmitter characteristics of cutaneous, renal and skeletal muscle small arteries in the rat

Abstract: It thus appears that the noradrenaline/ATP ratio of the sympathetic vasoconstrictor response differs between vascular beds in a way that is consistent with known differences in the selective regulation of regional vascular resistance by the sympathetic nervous system.

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

P2X1 receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca2+ transients in mesenteric small arteries

P2X1 receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca2+ transients in mesenteric small arteries

Coffee, nutritional status, and renal artery resistive index

Is tonic sympathetic vasoconstriction increased in the skeletal muscle vasculature of aged canines?

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Product

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P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries

P2X₁ receptors mediate sympathetic postjunctional Ca²⁺ transients in mesenteric small arteries