Transmutation of high-level radioactive waste with a controlled thermonuclear reactor

Gas mass spectrum analysis of I-127 transmutation targets irradiated by Xi'an pulse reactor

“…Artificial transmutation of I-129 is therefore an alternative way to reduce radiotoxic risk [1][2][3][4][5]. I-127 is the stable iodine isotope of I-129 and has similar physical and chemical properties to I-129, and the transmutation product of I-127 is Xe-128.…”

Lithium's Role in Supplying Energy in the Future

“…Transmutation of fission products to stable isotopes can be achieved through n, rand n, 2n reactions; for example, 129 1 (n, 2n) 128 1 32m (3--=:'=-"--->l 138Ba (stable) 25m (r l 128 Xe (stable) However, transmutation of the actinides is primarily through fission. The effectiveness of the transmutation process appears theoretically feasible (Wolkenhauer, Leonard, and Gore, 1973), although uncertainties in some nuclear cross sections preclude quantitative assessments of the reduction of some radioactive isotopes. Because long-term confinement of the plasma in the fusion chamber has yet to be demonstrated, the use of this disposal technique is most likely to occur in the next century.…”

Transmutation Investigation of a Typical VVER-1000 Reactor Burnup Products to less Toxicity Isotopes in a Fusion-Fission Hybrid Reactor

“…The investigations related to the mentioned capability of hybrid reactors are mostly focused on transuranic elements [16]. Wolkenhauer et al's research [17], focusing on the transmutation of high-level radioactive waste, is of the first ones in this filed. They reported the transmutation parameters of four radioactive elements, Sr-90, Cs-137, Kr-85 and I-129, and the transmutation of Actinides using different D-T or D-D plasma.…”