Transnational Legal Frameworks and Context of Employment and Intellectual Disability

Abstract

This chapter highlights the importance of employment for Persons with Intellectual Disability (PwID), focusing on its impact on well-being and social inclusion. Mainly, it reviews the existing legal frameworks in Italy, Portugal, Sweden, and Türkiye to explore how they facilitate the workplace inclusion of these individuals. As a result, the developed research finds persistent challenges in implementing legal frameworks, aligning PwID's skills with job market demands, and providing comprehensive support. It also emphasises the importance of reasonable accommodations in the workplace and discusses the successes and limitations of legal and societal initiatives in the four case study countries. Conclusively, it calls for a holistic approach that includes improving legislation, enhancing support systems, and raising awareness to ensure the effective inclusion of PwID in the workforce, underlining the need for societal and legal reforms to bridge the gap between intention and practice in the employment of PwID.