Transorbital hybrid approach for endovascular occlusion of indirect carotid-cavernous fistulas–Case report and systematic literature review

Editorial: Hybrid (combined endovascular and microsurgical) treatments for cerebrovascular diseases

“…Technical progress during the last several decades has led to the construction of hybrid operation rooms – combining microsurgical and endovascular facilities in many neurovascular units all over the globe. A classic neurovascular hybrid operation is the surgical exposure of an otherwise inaccessible blood vessel for direct cannulation and endovascular treatment ( 1 , 2 ). A different form of a hybrid operation is a direct intraoperative control-angiography after microsurgical clipping, which aids in detecting remnants ( 3 ) or periprocedural vasospasm ( 4 ).…”