Transovarial transmission of mosquito-borne viruses: a systematic review

Janjoter, Sangeeta; Kataria, Divya; Yadav, Mahima; Dahiya, Nisha; Sehrawat, Neelam

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1304938

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

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Transovarial transmission in field caught mosquitoes identifies a mechanism for the establishment of Usutu virus in a temperate country

Schilling,

Lawson,

Spiro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging zoonotic flavivirus in Europe, and the first zoonotic mosquito-borne virus to be confirmed in animal hosts in the United Kingdom (UK). Phylogenetic analysis of USUV in the three years following its initial detection in 2020 indicated that the virus is overwintering in the UK. In 2023, USUV was identified outside Greater London for the first time. Therefore, USUV should now be considered endemic within southeast England. Surveillance of avian hosts and mosquito vectors has been insufficient to elucidate the mechanism by which USUV has persisted through temperate winters. It is likely that mosquitoes play a significant role in facilitating the establishment of USUV in temperate areas, as is the case for related mosquito-borne viruses. Here we undertake enhanced targeted vector surveillance at the index site to investigate the role of mosquitoes in facilitating USUV establishment in the UK.Between 2021 and 2024 inclusive, we detected USUV in host-seeking adult femaleCulex pipienss.l. (n = 8/554 pools), a key vector of the virus in Europe. During 2023, enhanced surveillance detected transovarial transmission of USUV in wildCx. pipienss.l. (n = 1/202 pools), by screening adults following captive rearing of mosquito larvae collected from the field. This is, to our knowledge, the first description of vertical transmission of USUV in an arthropod vector. Consequently, transovarial transmission should be considered a viable mechanism for the persistence of USUV in temperate areas. Our results highlight the importance of undertaking detailed vector surveillance, across life stages, to inform the epidemiology of vector-borne viruses.

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Transovarial transmission in field caught mosquitoes identifies a mechanism for the establishment of Usutu virus in a temperate country

Schilling,

Lawson,

Spiro

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Application of circular statistics in temporal distribution of adult mosquitoes in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, 2021–2023

Li,

Fu,

Huang

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background Analyses of the temporal distribution of mosquitoes are presented in statistical charts, but it is difficult to prove in statistics whether differences in peak periods exist among different years or habitats. This study aimed to investigate the application of circular statistics in determining the peak period and a comparison of differences. Methods Surveillance of adult mosquitoes was conducted twice a month by light traps in five different habitats from March to November for 3 years (2021–2023) in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. The Kruskal–Wallis test was performed to determine the differences in mosquito density among different years and habitats. Circular statistics and line charts were employed to determine the peak period and a comparison of differences. Results Among a total of 14,834 adult mosquitoes comprising five mosquito species from four genera, Culex pipiens pallens was dominant and accounted for 89.6% of the specimens identified. Aedes albopictus, Armigeres subalbatus, and Anopheles sinensis made up 5.7%, 4.2%, and 0.5%, respectively. Culex tritaeniorhynchus accounted for less than 0.1%. The mean mosquito density (females/trap night) for the trapping period was 10.3 in 2021, 5.6 in 2022, and 3.6 in 2023. Among five habitats, the highest mosquito density was 8.9 in livestock sheds, followed by 6.8 in parks, 5.9 in rural dwellings, 5.5 in urban dwellings, and 5.4 in hospitals. No statistically significant differences were found among different years (H = 1.96, d.f. 2, P = 0.376) and habitats (H = 0.45, d.f. 4, P = 0.978). Overall, the peak period of mosquito activity fell in the months from June to September. The peak period among 3 years differed significantly (F(2,7022) = 119.17, P < 0.01), but there were no statistically significant differences in peak period among different habitats (F(4,7020) = −159.09, P > 0.05). Conclusion Circular statistics could be effectively combined with statistical charts to elucidate the peak period of mosquitoes and determine the differences in statistics among different years and habitats. These findings will provide valuable information for mosquito control and public health management. Graphical Abstract

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Transovarial transmission of mosquito-borne viruses: a systematic review

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Transovarial transmission in field caught mosquitoes identifies a mechanism for the establishment of Usutu virus in a temperate country

Transovarial transmission in field caught mosquitoes identifies a mechanism for the establishment of Usutu virus in a temperate country

Application of circular statistics in temporal distribution of adult mosquitoes in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China, 2021–2023

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