Transovarial transmission ofNosema locustae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) in the migratory locustLocusta migratoria migratorioides

Raina, Satish; Das, S.; M., M.; Khurad, Arun M.

doi:10.1007/bf00932415

Cited by 46 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…On [17,27] or even found increased production of sexuals in naturally infected colonies [22]. Similarly [28] but so far has not been reported from N. bombi and seems unlikely from detailed investigations of reproductive structures [27]. Within the colony, N. bombi spreads by ingestion of spores shed by infected workers [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A contribution to the knowledge of Nosema infections in bumble bees, Bombus spp

Schmid‐Hempel

Loosli

1998

Apidologie

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-Experimental infections of adult and larval workers and adult males of Bombus terrestris with the microsporidium Nosema bombi showed all stages and both sexes to be susceptible. On average 19-29 % of infections were successful and no significant differences among these host categories were found. Different sources of Nosema spores differed in their success in infecting different host colonies, suggesting genotype-genotype interactions at the level of colonies and parasite sources. In a second experiment, N. bombi obtained from B. terrestris were found to be infective for workers of B. lapidarius and B. hypnorum, although less so in these foreign hosts. On the other hand, case mortality was significantly higher in foreign hosts than in B. terrestris. Infection and high spore loads correlated with early death of the host. In addition, a factorial analysis showed that variation among-colonies-within-species explained more of the variation in infection success than the factor species per se. © Inra/DIB/AGIB/Elsevier, Paris parasite / brood / host specificity / Bombus / Nosema bombi

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A contribution to the knowledge of Nosema infections in bumble bees, Bombus spp

Schmid‐Hempel

Loosli

1998

Apidologie

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“…However, female host longevity in the flight cage was still independent of the number of microsporidian spores it contained after partitioning out the effect of host size (Spearman rank correlation of female host longevity in the cage versus residuals from the regression of the numbers of spores per female host upon host size: r s = -0.239, n = 11, ns). (Raina et al, 1995). For A scotica too, the fat body appeared to be the only tissue type that was infected with microsporidia, although heavily infected hosts also contained large numbers of spores in their haemocoels, suspended in haemolymph.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Parasites and parasitoids of other hymenopteran species are known to become infected with their hosts' microsporidia (Blunck, 1954;Briano et al, 1996) and may potentially act as conduits for the horizontal transfer of parasites among host species (Werren et al, 1995). That (Raina et al, 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of infection of an undescribed microsporidium (Microspora) in the communal bee Andrena scotica (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae)

et al. 1997

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Summary — We document the abundance and distribution of the spores of an undescribed species of microsporidium within its host, the communal bee Andrena scotica, and relationships between this parasite and its host. Only the host's adipose tissue (fat bodies) appeared infected, with up to 118 x 10 6 spores per bee. All hosts at one field site were infected. High spore load within hosts appeared to curtail female reproductive activity. However, we were unable to discern the microsporidium's effects on male fecundity in that some males with a high spore load did undertake mate searching activity. Longevities of naturally infected A scotica males and females in a flight cage were apparently unaffected by the microsporidium. Spores were found in A scotica from other field sites but not in other species of bees, suggesting the microsporidium has a high degree of host specificity.

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“…This is highly relevant for the transmission of the pathogen to the second generation of grasshopper and the long-term management concerns. Although the transmission of microsporidia between hosts occurs horizontally when the spores are ingested, the vertical transmission from parent to progeny via eggs is known to be an important route for many of the insect-infecting microsporidia (e.g., Ewen and Mukerji 1980;Streett et al 1993;Raina et al 1995). In preliminary laboratory examinations we observed that 18-52 % of the offspring from infected O. senegalensis were infected when the parents were infected at late instars (Tounou 2007), which suggests survival and continual impact of P. locustae as a regulating factor of grasshopper populations in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined field efficacy of Paranosema locustae and Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum for the control of sahelian grasshoppers

et al. 2007

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Field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of wheat bran bait formulations of Paranosema locustae and Metarhizium anisopliae for controlling grasshoppers in southeast Niger. Treatments consisted of wheat bran baits mixed with M. anisopliae, P. locustae + M. anisopliae or with P. locustae spores and P. locustae + sugar. Oedaleus senegalensis, Pyrgomorpha cognata and Acrotylus blondeli were the predominant species at the time of application representing ca. 94% of the total population. Bran application was done when O. senegalensis (ca. 75% of the population) was at its early developmental stages, with first, second and third instars accounting for 64-85%. Grasshopper population reduction, P. locustae prevalence and level of infections in the predominant species were monitored. Manual application of P. locustae and M. anisopliae formulated in wheat bran has proven to induce consistent pathogen infection in grasshopper populations. Population density over the three weeks monitoring, typically decreased by 44.7 ± 6.9%, 52.8 ± 8.4%, 73.7 ± 5.5% and 89.1 ± 1.8% in P. locustae, P. locustae + sugar, M. anisopliae and P. locustae + M. anisopliae treated plots respectively. Paranosema locustae prevalence in surviving adult grasshoppers at 28 after application was 48.1 ± 2.3%, 28.9 ± 4.8% and 27.4 ± 3.7%, with infection level of 6.2 ± 0.8 9 10 6 , 2.3 ± 0.3 9 10 4 and 2.1 ± 0.3 9 10 3 spores mg -1 host weight in O. senegalensis, A blondeli and P. cognate respectively. Other species that each accounted for \2% of the community, namely Aiolopus thalassinus, A. simulatrix, Acorypha glaucopsis, Acrotylus patruelis, Anacridium melanorhodon, Diabolocatantops axillaris, Kraussaria angulifera and Schistocerca gregaria were found to show sign of infection. The results from this study suggest that wheat bran application of M. anisopliae and P. locustae alone or in combination, targeting early instars grasshopper could be a valuable option in grasshopper control programs.

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Transovarial transmission ofNosema locustae (Microsporida: Nosematidae) in the migratory locustLocusta migratoria migratorioides

Cited by 46 publications

References 16 publications

A contribution to the knowledge of Nosema infections in bumble bees, Bombus spp

A contribution to the knowledge of Nosema infections in bumble bees, Bombus spp

High incidence of infection of an undescribed microsporidium (Microspora) in the communal bee Andrena scotica (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae)

Combined field efficacy of Paranosema locustae and Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum for the control of sahelian grasshoppers

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