Transparency in forensic anthropology through the implementation of quality assurance practices

Fleischman, Julie M.; Pierce, Michal L.; Crowder, Christian

doi:10.1002/9781119469957.ch5

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Exceptions to this rule included easily replicable measurements (e.g., ectoconchion) or visually apparent points of maximum curvature (e.g., opisthion). All bilateral and midsagittal landmarks were unambiguously defined prior to data collection (Table 2, Figure 2) following the definitions provided by Howells (1973), Buikstra and Ubelaker (1994), and Fleischman et al (2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry to examine the effects of sex, socioeconomic status, and early life experiences on adult age at death in industrial England

Yaussy

2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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ObjectivesHistorical evidence from 18th‐ and 19th‐century England suggests that industrialization's impacts on health were largely negative, especially among marginalized groups. However, available documentary evidence is often biased toward adult men and rarely sheds light on the experiences of other members of the population, such as women and children. Craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry (FA) can serve as a proxy measurement of developmental instability and stress during development. This study examines the associations among age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and FA in skeletal samples from industrial‐era England.Materials and MethodsThe sample for this study comes from four industrial‐era cemeteries from England (A.D. 1711–1857). Geometric morphometric analyses of three‐dimensional landmark coordinate data were used to generate a measure of FA for each individual (Mahalanobis distance). A three‐way ANOVA was used to evaluate the impacts of sex, SES, and FA scores on adult age at death (n = 168).ResultsSignificant associations existed between age at death and SES (p = 0.004) and FA scores (p = 0.094). Comparisons of the estimated means indicated that age at death was consistently higher among high SES individuals and individuals with FA scores less than one standard deviation from the mean.ConclusionsThis study supports findings from previous studies that have suggested that the differences in resource access and environmental buffering generated by socioeconomic inequality can impact longevity and patterns of mortality among socioeconomic status groups. Likewise, stress in early life—evinced by craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry—can influence observed patterns of longevity in adults decades later.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry to examine the effects of sex, socioeconomic status, and early life experiences on adult age at death in industrial England

Yaussy

2024

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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The role of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy: Interpretations, contributions, and challenges

Fleischman

Martinez

Wiersema

et al. 2020

WIREs Forensic Science

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Child maltreatment is a growing medicolegal and social concern and forensic anthropologists in the United States are more frequently being asked to participate in pediatric autopsies to evaluate skeletal injuries. These injuries may be occult to medical imaging and the autopsy itself, but the forensic anthropologist directly evaluates the skeletal tissue which can dramatically improve the sensitivity and specificity of the analysis. The training and methods of forensic anthropologists provide them with the unique perspective of comprehending the anatomical, biomechanical, and physiological properties of human pediatric bone which informs their interpretations of time since injury and mechanism of trauma. This perspective also permits the ability to differentiate between growth and development, skeletal anomalies/variants, and traumatized bone which can be of distinct consequence to the forensic pathologist's cause and manner of death determination. This review is intended for forensic anthropologists and others in the medicolegal community who are tasked with identifying and interpreting pediatric skeletal trauma. The research and scholarly work cited herein is the most current bibliography for comprehending the role and contribution(s) of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy, the techniques and methods available to them, and the challenges and cautions associated with this delicate work.

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Transparency in forensic anthropology through the implementation of quality assurance practices

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Using craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry to examine the effects of sex, socioeconomic status, and early life experiences on adult age at death in industrial England

Using craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry to examine the effects of sex, socioeconomic status, and early life experiences on adult age at death in industrial England

The role of the forensic anthropologist in the pediatric autopsy: Interpretations, contributions, and challenges

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