Transparency of action and support in the Paris Agreement

Winkler, Harald; Mantlana, Brian; Letete, Thapelo

doi:10.1080/14693062.2017.1302918

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Even before the Paris Agreement and the NDC process, many developing countries found increasingly enhanced reporting requirements under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) challenging, as evidenced by late submissions of National Communications (see Weikmans, van Asselt and Roberts, 2019). Ellis and Moarif (2015, p. 5) for instance, note that, by the end of 2015, only 16 developing (non-Annex I) countries had submitted biennial reports that were due in the end of 2014, and large gaps in the disclosed information inhibited assessments of progress towards common goals (see also Winkler, Mantlana, & Letete, 2017).…”

Section: Ndcs and National Policy Processes: Agenda Setting Policy Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambition in the making: analysing the preparation and implementation process of the Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement

et al. 2020

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Nearly all the world's governments have prepared and submitted their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), setting out their climate pledges under the 2015 Paris Agreement. These NDCs are to be regularly updated, and many countries are expected to submit a new NDC in 2020. While several studies have assessed the content and potential impacts of the NDCs, this article focusses on the preparatory process and asks the question: under what conditions can countries be expected to develop NDCs that are sufficiently ambitious to contribute to fulfilling the Paris Agreement goals? For some countries, in particular developing nations and emerging economies, the process of preparing and implementing NDCs presents challenges in terms of political support; financial, human and technical resources; and analytical capabilities. With a view to improving future NDCs, this article provides insights from the first round of NDCs. Using results from four surveys carried out in 2015, 2017 and 2018 targeting government representatives and other stakeholders from primarily developing countries and emerging economies, the article finds that the NDC preparation process contributed positively to national climate policy processes. For example, it raised political awareness and preparedness for preparing and implementing climate policies across various ministries and agencies. It also prompted institutional innovation and more coordination between various policy areas. However, more can be done to enhance analytical capacity in order for countries to make commitments based on robust analysis and data.Key policy insights . In many countries, the preparation of the NDCs positively contributed to national climate policy processes by raising awareness and catalysing institutional change. . The NDC process improved political buy-in across government and nongovernment stakeholders thereby laying the foundation for future higher NDC and climate policy ambition. . A better understanding of broader impacts and the involvement of affected stakeholders in a targeted way could be conducive to reaching the goals defined in the Paris Agreement and support realistic, yet ambitious target setting. Conversely, process-related problems may lead to implementation problems. . More analytical, financial and technical resources are needed to implement the first round of NDCs and support countries in preparing future NDC cycles. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Ndcs and National Policy Processes: Agenda Setting Policy Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambition in the making: analysing the preparation and implementation process of the Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement

et al. 2020

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“…Here the focus is on one central aspect of the Paris Agreement that will be important for its early success: building the process to understand and review progress, both in individual pledges and collective outcomes, that will inform decisions to renew pledges going forward. The discussion considers ways that non-state actors contribute to this effort, with special attention to the role of economic models and how they may be made more effective, not just to support the transparency framework in Article 13 (Winkler et al, 2017), but also in a broader context to inform governments and other stakeholders.…”

Section: Launching a New Climate Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While transparency has specific meaning in the Paris Agreement (Winkler et al, 2017), the overarching framing encompasses a larger set of issues dealing with the progress of individual nations and the collective effort, as all these will inform and shape decisions regarding future pledges. One aspect concerns tasks and controversies that in previous climate discussions fell under the heading of measuring, reporting and verification, or MRV (Singh et al, 2016).…”

Section: The Role Of Transparency Within and Beyond The Paris Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing transparency in the Paris Agreement: the role of economic models

2017

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Establishing a credible and effective transparency regime to support the Paris Agreementbroader than its formal 'transparency framework'-will be both crucial and challenging. The Agreement provides for review of achievements under national pledges (Nationally Determined Contributions, or NDCs), but much of this information will become available only well after key steps in the launch of this latest attempt to control human influence on the climate. Still, in these early years, information and understanding of individual and collective performance, and of relative national burdens under the NDCs, will play an important role in the success or failure of the Agreement. However, because of the phasing of various steps in the 5-year cycles under the Agreement and the unavoidable delays of two or more years to produce and review government reports, the Climate Convention and other intergovernmental institutions are illsuited to carry out timely analyses of progress. Consequently, in advance of formal procedures, academic and other non-governmental groups are going to provide analyses based on available data and their own methodologies. The paper explores this transparency challenge-using the MIT Economic Projection and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model to construct sample analyses-and considers ways that efforts outside official channels can contribute to the success of the Agreement.

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“…Despite the important role of the GST, the corresponding academic literature remains relatively scarce (exceptions that touch upon the GST in various ways include Friedrich, 2017;Holz & Ngwadla, 2016;Huang, 2018;Jacoby, Chen, & Flannery, 2017;Milkoreit & Haapala, 2017;Milkoreit & Haapala, 2018;Müller & Ngwadla, 2016;Northrop et al, 2018;Tompkins, Vincent, Nicholls, & Suckall, 2018;van Asselt, Pauw, & Saelen, 2015;Winkler, Mantlana, & Letete, 2017). With the adoption of the modalities of the GST as part of the Paris Agreement 'Rulebook' at the 24th Conference of the Parties (COP24) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Katowice in 2018, the foundations for the first GST in 2023 have been laid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyzing mitigation ambition under the Paris Agreement: elements for an effective Global Stocktake

Hermwille

Siemons²,

Förster³

et al. 2019

Climate Policy

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The Global Stocktake (GST) takes a central role within the architecture of the Paris Agreement, with many hoping that it will become a catalyst for increased mitigation ambition. This paper outlines four governance functions for an ideal GST: pacemaker, ensurer of accountability, driver of ambition and provider of guidance and signal. The GST can set the pace of progress by stimulating and synchronizing policy processes across governance levels. It can ensure accountability of Parties through transparency and public information sharing. Ambition can be enhanced through benchmarks for action and transformative learning. By reiterating and refining the long term visions, it can echo and amplify the guidance and signal provided by the Paris Agreement. The paper further outlines preconditions for the effective performance of these functions. Process-related conditions include: a public appraisal of inputs; a facilitative format that can develop specific recommendations; high-level endorsement to amplify the message and effectively inform national climate policy agendas; and an appropriate schedule, especially with respect to the transparency framework. Underlying information provided by Parties complemented with other (scientific) sources needs to enable benchmark setting for collective climate action, to allow for transparent assessments of the state of emissions and progress of a low-carbon transformation. The information also needs to be politically relevant and concrete enough to trigger enhancement of ambition. We conclude that meeting these conditions would enable an ideal GST and maximize its catalytic effect. Key policy insights. The functional argument developed in this article may inspire a purposeful design of the GST as its modalities and procedures are currently being negotiated.. The analytical framework provided serves as a benchmark against which to assess the GST's modalities and procedures.. Gaps and blind spots in the official GST can and should be addressed by processes external to the climate regime in academia and civil society.

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Transparency of action and support in the Paris Agreement

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

Ambition in the making: analysing the preparation and implementation process of the Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement

Ambition in the making: analysing the preparation and implementation process of the Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement

Informing transparency in the Paris Agreement: the role of economic models

Catalyzing mitigation ambition under the Paris Agreement: elements for an effective Global Stocktake

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