Transparent silicon/glass microreactor for high-pressure and high-temperature reactions

Trachsel, Franz; Hutter, Cedric A. J.; Rohr, Philipp Rudolf von

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.07.049

Cited by 87 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Figure 2. Selected examples of custom-design continuous-flow hydrogenation reactors: a) falling film reactor, [17] b) helical falling film reactor, [18] c) tenchannel microstructured reactor, [24] d) silicon/glass microreactor, [25] e) mesh reactor, [29] and f) glass fluidic module.…”

Section: Custom-design Reactors For Flow Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions in Continuous‐Flow Reactors

2011

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Microreactor technology and continuous flow processing in general are key features in making organic synthesis both more economical and environmentally friendly. Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reactions under continuous flow conditions offer significant benefits compared to batch processes which are related to the unique gas-liquid-solid triphasic reaction conditions present in these transformations. In this review article recent developments in continuous flow heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reactions using molecular hydrogen are summarized. Available flow hydrogenation techniques, reactors, commonly used catalysts and examples of synthetic applications with an emphasis on laboratory-scale flow hydrogenation reactions are presented.

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Section: Custom-design Reactors For Flow Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions in Continuous‐Flow Reactors

2011

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“…The method to calculate the amount of ammonia produced is named Kjeldahl method [14,15]. NH 3 + HCl → NH 4 Cl HCl reaction + NH 3 → NH 4 Cl NaOH + HCl excess → NaCl + H 2 O Amount of HCl reacted = Amount of NH 3 Amount of HCl excess = Amount of NaOH Ammonia synthesis was done by diluting the gas to 5ml of 0.01M HCl which produced NH 4 Cl.…”

Section: F Kjeldahl Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Approach to Ammonia Synthesis by Catalysis in Magnetic Field

Yahya

Puspitasari

Kozioł

et al. 2012

JNanoR

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Abstract. Ammonia production is a capital-intensive industry as it requires high temperature (400-500 o C) and also high pressure (150-300 bar) for its daily operations. An earnest effort was made to synthese ammonia gas using an in-house designed microreactor. The production of ammonia was carried out in a magnetic field reaction zone, with the reaction temperature of 30°C -280°C and ambient operation pressure. Mn 0.8 Zn 0.2 Fe 2 O 4 nanoparticles, synthesized using the sol gel method, were used as the catalyst for the ammonia synthesis. XRD confirmed the single phase ferrites and FESEM images revealed nanofibre-like morphology when sintered at 700 o C in argon gas. Electron diffraction was performed using HRTEM and obtained diffraction patterns confirmed the crystal structure of the catalyst. By using the Kjeldahl method it was found that the reaction carried out in 1 Tesla magnetic field gave approximately 46% ammonia yield. The proposed new method could be appealing for ammonia manufacturers due to highly economical implication which may offer urea producers a potential contender in the competitive market place.

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“…In general, hydrodynamic dispersion effects vanish with reactor length. Microfabricated reactors for testing catalyst performance (e.g., [1][2][3]) typically have lengths of only several tens of millimeters. This short length seriously limits the conversion levels for which the plug flow assumption holds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion and Holdup in Multiphase Packed Bed Microreactors

et al. 2008

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Liquid holdup and dispersion are reported for a column of 2 mm internal diameter, filled with 0.1 mm spherical particles, for multiphase flows with hydrocarbon liquid flow rates of 10-100 lL/min and nitrogen gas flow rates of 50-1000 lL/min using different tracers with varying diffusion coefficients and vapor pressures. It was found that the liquid holdup (liquid volume/external void volume) was between 0.65 and 0.85, with variations between different experiments and limited impact of flow rate on the holdup. The dispersion characteristics were very similar to single-phase dispersion. The particle Peclet number for dispersion was close to 0.2. This value was of the same order of magnitude -just a factor of two to three lower -as the value that was obtained without gas flow. Tracer volatility did cause the tracer to elude earlier, but did not cause significant additional dispersion. The results suggest that the fluid mechanical interaction between the gas and the liquid was very limited.

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Transparent silicon/glass microreactor for high-pressure and high-temperature reactions

Cited by 87 publications

References 40 publications

Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions in Continuous‐Flow Reactors

Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions in Continuous‐Flow Reactors

New Approach to Ammonia Synthesis by Catalysis in Magnetic Field

Dispersion and Holdup in Multiphase Packed Bed Microreactors

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