Transpiration in a small tropical forest patch

Giambelluca, Thomas W.; Ziegler, Alan D.; Nullet, Michael A.; Truong, Dao Minh; Tran, Liem

doi:10.1016/s0168-1923(03)00041-8

Cited by 77 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Second, for the same hydro-geological, topographical and vegetal conditions, greater numbers of rain-days will give a more uniform riverflow regime (Blöschl and Sivapalan, 1997;Robinson and Sivapalan, 1997;Boochabun et al, 2004). Third, rainfall timing and duration during the day affects: (a) when vegetation canopies are wet, and thus the timing of transpiration suppression; (b) when available canopy water coincides with the available energy needed for wet-canopy evaporation (Szarzynski and Anuf, 2001;Giambelluca et al, 2003). Third, a strong diurnal cycle in rainfall could also give rise to strong diurnal cycle in riverflow from non-aquifers (e.g.…”

Section: Rainfall Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Bidin

Chappell

2006

Hydrol. Process.

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Abstract:Understanding the intensity and duration of tropical rain events is critical to modelling the rate and timing of wetcanopy evaporation, the suppression of transpiration, the generation of infiltration-excess overland flow and hence to erosion, and to river responsiveness. Despite this central role, few studies have addressed the characteristics of equatorial rainstorms. This study analyses rainfall data for a 5 km 2 region largely comprising of the 4 km 2 Sapat Kalisun Experimental Catchment in the interior of northeastern Borneo at sampling frequencies from 1 min 1 to 1 day1 . The work clearly shows that most rainfall within this inland, forested area is received during regular short-duration events (<15 min) that have a relatively low intensity (i.e. less than two 0Ð2 mm rain-gauge tips in almost all 5 min periods). The rainfall appears localized, with significant losses in intergauge correlations being observable in minutes in the case of the typical mid-afternoon, convective events. This suggests that a dense rain-gauge network, sampled at a high temporal frequency, is required for accurate distributed rainfall-runoff modelling of such small catchments. Observed rain-event intensity is much less than the measured infiltration capacities, and thus supports the tenet of the dominance of quick subsurface responses in controlling river behaviour in this small equatorial catchment.

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Section: Rainfall Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Bidin

Chappell

2006

Hydrol. Process.

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“…Moreover, only a few previous works on transpiration have explicitly compared water use by trees located at the edge compared to interior positions (Taylor et al, 2001;Cienciala et al, 2002;Giambelluca et al, 2003;Herbst et al, 2007). These earlier studies generally observed much higher transpiration rates by forest edge trees compared to interior trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape

Hernández‐Santana

Asbjornsen

Sauer

et al. 2011

Forest Ecology and Management

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Riparian buffers are designed as management practices to increase infiltration and reduce surface runoff and transport of sediment and nonpoint source pollutants from crop fields to adjacent streams. Achieving these ecosystem service goals depends, in part, on their ability to remove water from the soil via transpiration. In these systems, edges between crop fields and trees of the buffer systems can create advection processes, which could influence water use by trees. We conducted a field study in a riparian buffer system established in 1994 under a humid temperate climate, located in the Corn Belt region of the Midwestern U.S. (Iowa). The goals were to estimate stand level transpiration by the riparian buffer, quantify the controls on water use by the buffer system, and determine to what extent advective energy and tree position within the buffer system influence individual tree transpiration rates. We primarily focused on the water use response (determined with the Heat Ratio Method) of one of the dominant species (Acer saccharinum) and a subdominant (Juglans nigra). A few individuals of three additional species (Quercus bicolor, Betula nigra, Platanus occidentalis) were monitored over a shorter time period to assess the generality of responses. Meteorological stations were installed along a transect across the riparian buffer to determine the microclimate conditions. The differences found among individuals were attributed to differences in species sap velocities and sapwood depths, location relative to the forest edge and prevailing winds and canopy exposure and dominance. Sapflow rates for A. saccharinumtrees growing at the SE edge (prevailing winds) were 39% greater than SE interior trees and 30% and 69% greater than NW interior and edge trees, respectively. No transpiration enhancement due to edge effect was detected in the subdominant J. nigra. The results were interpreted as indicative of advection effects from the surrounding crops. Further, significant differences were document in sapflow rates between the five study species, suggesting that selection of species is important for enhancing specific riparian buffer functions. However, more information is needed on water use patterns among diverse species growing under different climatic and biophysical conditions to assist policy and management decisions regarding effective buffer design. KeywordsAcer saccharinum, Advection, Edge effect, Riparian buffer system, Sapflow, Tree water use RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. b s t r a c tRiparian buffers are designed as management practices to increase infiltration and reduce surface runoff and transport of sediment and nonpoint source pollutants from crop fields to adjacent streams. Achieving these ecosystem service goals depends, in part, on their ability to remove water from the soil via transpiration. In these systems, edges between crop fields and trees of ...

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“…Consequently, fragments are expected to show an internal concentric zonation in both biological and physical terms. The second and less documented pattern suggests that edgeeffect expression in any single fragment is likely to be modulated by a myriad of structural and spatial attributes such as edge geographical orientation and age [16][17][18], fragment shape and isolation level [19], and harshness of the surrounding matrix [20][21]. These influences probably lead edge effects to be much more asymmetric in terms of intensity and magnitude, likely preventing fragments from being concentrically zoned in terms of both physical and biological characteristics; it imposes, in fact, a more spatially irregular arrangement of the biodiversity inhabiting them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

Pinto

Mendes

Santos

et al. 2010

Tropical Conservation Science

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Habitat fragmentation imposes profound impacts on the tropical forest microclimate, but the microclimatic configuration of isolated forest patches and its implications for biodiversity persistence and habitat management are not clear. In this study we assessed a set of 10 aged (> 80 years) fragments (3.0 -3,500 ha in size) of the Atlantic forest to examine to what extent fragment microclimatic attributes are correlated with distance to the nearest edge as frequently proposed in the literature. We used 129 sampling points and took a total of 516 measures of air temperature and humidity, vapor pressure deficit and light incidence to characterize the microclimate of forest fragments in terms of their relative deviation from the surrounding matrix. Fragments as a whole presented strong internal variation and strongly differed from the microclimate exhibited by the open matrix of sugar-cane fields. Distance to nearest edge, percentage of forest cover around the measurement point, percentage of edge-affected area, and geographical orientation of the nearest edge all proved to have minor effects on the microclimate of forest fragments. Conversely, we identified percentage of forest cover and fragment area as the most significant explanatory variables driving their microclimatic configuration: as forest cover increases at landscape scale, forest microclimate deviates less from the open matrix (a forest-mediated matrix buffering). Our results suggest that microclimatic conditions are spatially complex, as they do not correlate with the distance to the nearest forest edges; rather, they are driven by a forest-mediated buffering of the surrounding matrix that minimizes heat and humidity exchanges between forest and non-forest habitats, thus shaping the microclimatic signature of isolated forest fragments. Keywords: edge effects; habitat fragmentation; hyper-fragmented landscapes; microclimate; tropical forest. ResumenLa fragmentación del hábitat tiene importantes impactos en el microclima de los bosques tropicales, pero los determinantes del microclima en fragmentos aislados y sus efectos sobre la biodiversidad y el manejo de estos ecosistemas aún son mal comprendidos. En este estudio, analizamos un total de 10 fragmentos de bosque (3 -3,500 ha) aislados por más de 80 años para entender como los parámetros microclimáticos responden a características del paisaje, de los fragmentos, a la distancia al borde más próximo. Para ello, en un total de 129 puntos tomamos 516 mediciones de temperatura del aire, humedad relativa del aire, déficit de presión de vapor e incidencia de luz difusa para caracterizar el microclima de estos fragmentos en relación a los valores de la matriz adyacente. Como esperado, los fragmentos presentaron fuerte variación interna y diferirán largamente del microclima encontrado en la matriz no-forestal. La distancia al borde y otras tres variables no presentaron efectos muy significativos sobre el microclima de los fragmentos como un todo. Por otro lado, identificamos que el porcentaje de cobertura...

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Transpiration in a small tropical forest patch

Cited by 77 publications

References 40 publications

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Characteristics of rain events at an inland locality in northeastern Borneo, Malaysia

Enhanced transpiration by riparian buffer trees in response to advection in a humid temperate agricultural landscape

Landscape Attributes Drive Complex Spatial Microclimate Configuration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest Fragments

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