Transpiration Patterns of Wheat, Barley and Oat Seedlings Under Varying Conditions of Soil Moisture<sup>1</sup>

Salim, M. H.; Todd, Glenn W.

doi:10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700060023x

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Decreases in transpiration after a drought period have been reported by several workers (Brix 1962, Salim and Todd 1965, Pallas, Michel, and Harris 1967. In the present experiment transpiration as well as the internal moisture stress decreased after a period of water stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Dickson¹,

Broyer²

1972

Ecology

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Seedlings of tupelo gum (Nyssa aquatica L.) and bald cypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich.) were cultured in saturated-aerated, saturated, and unsaturated soil. Experiments were designed to ( 1) measure and evaluate the relative reaction of tupelo and cypress to various soil-moisture conditions; (2) determine the effects of aeration and water availability on plant moisture stress and growth; and (3) compare effects of two forms of nitrogen fertilizer (urea and nitrate) on growth. On the basis of height and dry weight, both tupelo and cypress grew best in saturated-aerated soil. Growth was better in saturated soil than in unsaturated soil, but only when water in the unsaturated soil decreased substantially below field capacity before rewatering. Plant moisture stress was determined by a pressure-bomb technique. For tupelo, average daily maximum tensions were 7.2 and 7.0 atm (atm = 1.013 bar) with saturated and unsaturated soil, respectively; for cypress, comparative tensions were 10.9 and 8.5 atm. When soil moisture decreased from field capacity to the wilting point, the daily maximum tension in plants increased from 7.0 to 12.8 and from 8.5 to 17.6 atm in tupelo and cypress, respectively. Growth of plants was related to the cumulative effect of their internal moisture stress. When tupelo plants were subjected to 595 atm-days (daily maximum tension X number of days with that tension), height growth was 37% and dry weight 40% less than plants subjected to 490 atm-days. Fertilization with urea produced more growth than fertilization with nitrate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Dickson¹,

Broyer²

1972

Ecology

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“…The increased stomatal frequencies found in Ponca and Cheyenne wheats with CaC1 2 treatment might be expected to help reduce transpiration (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Seed Soaking As A Pre‐Sowing, Drought‐Hardening Treatment in Wheat and Barley Seedlings¹

Salim¹,

Todd²

1968

Agronomy Journal

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The effect of seed soaking treatment of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was investigated using distilled water or nine other dilute solutions — CaCl2, ZnSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, adenine, gibberellic acid, vitamin K3, 2,4‐D, and garlic extract. Three wheat varieties and two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties were also subjected to seed pre‐sowing treatment in water or 0.25% CaCl2 solution. The seedlings were tested at 3 to 4 weeks of age for desiccation resistance, transpiration, germination and growth in mannitol, and recovery. CaCl2 solution, 0.25%, seemed to be somewhat effective in inducing more desiccation resistance in wheat, with the ‘Ponca’ variety showing the highest response and ‘Red Chief’ the lowest. In barley, water or CaCl2 induced better water retention in ‘Ward’ variety only. No response was detected in ‘Rogers.’ Seed pre‐soaking in 2,4‐D caused a decrease in desirable xeromorphic features. Most of the other treatments had either no effect or undesirable effects. It is concluded that no generalized statement as to the effect of pre‐sowing seed treatment can be made since the response seems to depend upon the treatment and variety used. This may help to explain some of the contradictory results reported in the literature.

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“…Various cultivated plants were shown to have different patterns of stomatal behaviour, and thus to exhibit different transpiratory reponses to changes in soil water status (e.g. Salim & Todd, 1965;Boyer, 1970). A comparison of transpiration rates between a group of mesophytic species and a group of xerophytic ones also revealed different types of transpiration response to reduced water potentials (Bunce, 1977).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The physiological response to salinity is the result of a combination of ionic effects and osmotieally induced water stress. It was shown before that water stress may induce changes in transpiration characteristics of plants (Boon-Long, 1941;Salim & Todd, 1965;Biscoe, 1972;Camacho-B., Kaufman & Hall, 1974;). However, all these studies were done under non-saline conditions where osmotic adaptation was brought about by accumulation of organic solutes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of salt and soil water status on transpiration ofSalsola kaliL.

Eshel

Waisel

1984

Plant Cell & Environment

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Transpiration of Salsola kali L. plants, grown in small pots under controlled environmental conditions, was followed through a drying cycle of the soil. Three different nutrient solutions were used during the preconditioning growth period: control (C), half‐strength Hoagland's nutrient solution; C plus 150mol m−3 NaCl; and C plus 150mol m−3 KCl. Soil water content at saturation at the beginning of the drying cycle was 20% (w/w). Both NaCl and KCl treatments modified the plants' response to changes in soil water status. The control plants transpired twice as much (per unit leaf dry weight) as the salt‐treated plants, even when the soil was at maximal water capacity. Transpiration of the control plants remained high, until the soil water content declined to 5%. After that stage the stomata of these plants closed abruptly. Transpiration of the salt‐treated plants started decreasing when the soil water content was approximately 16%, and did so gradually until all the available water was depleted. When transpiration was plotted against soil water potential a sharp decline in the transpiration of control plants was observed with the soil water potential decreasing from ‐0.04 to ‐1.2MPa. Transpiration of the salt‐treated plants decreased gradually over a wide range of soil water potential (−0.8 to −7.0MPa).

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Transpiration Patterns of Wheat, Barley and Oat Seedlings Under Varying Conditions of Soil Moisture¹

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Seed Soaking As A Pre‐Sowing, Drought‐Hardening Treatment in Wheat and Barley Seedlings¹

Effect of salt and soil water status on transpiration ofSalsola kaliL.

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Transpiration Patterns of Wheat, Barley and Oat Seedlings Under Varying Conditions of Soil Moisture1

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Effects of Aeration, Water Supply, and Nitrogen Source on Growth and Development of Tupelo Gum and Bald Cypress

Seed Soaking As A Pre‐Sowing, Drought‐Hardening Treatment in Wheat and Barley Seedlings1

Effect of salt and soil water status on transpiration ofSalsola kaliL.

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Product

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Transpiration Patterns of Wheat, Barley and Oat Seedlings Under Varying Conditions of Soil Moisture¹

Seed Soaking As A Pre‐Sowing, Drought‐Hardening Treatment in Wheat and Barley Seedlings¹