Background:
Solid organ transplantation is a life-saving medical operation that has
progressed greatly because of developments in diagnostic tools and histocompatibility tests.
Crossmatching for complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and human leukocyte antigen
(HLA) typing are two important methods for checking graft compatibility and reducing the risk
of graft rejection. HLA typing and CDC crossmatching are critical in kidney, heart, lung, liver,
pancreas, intestine, and multi-organ transplantation.
Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted on the internet, using PubMed, Scopus,
and Google Scholar databases, to identify peer-reviewed publications about solid organ
transplants, HLA typing, and CDC crossmatching
Conclusion:
Recent advances in HLA typing have allowed for high-resolution evaluation,
epitope matching, and personalized therapy methods. Genomic profiling, next-generation
sequencing, and artificial intelligence have improved HLA typing precision, resulting in better
patient outcomes. Artificial intelligence (AI) driven virtual crossmatching and predictive
algorithms have eliminated the requirement for physical crossmatching in the context of CDC
crossmatching, boosting organ allocation and transplant efficiency. This review elaborates on the
importance of HLA typing and CDC crossmatching in solid organ transplantation.