Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Increases Mass and Functional Capacity of Damaged Skeletal Muscle

Abstract

The regenerating skeletal muscle environment is capable of inducing uncommitted progenitors to terminally differentiate. The aim of this work was to determine whether adipose tissue-derived stromal cells were able to participate in muscle regeneration and to characterize the effect on muscle mass and functional capacities after transplantation of these cells. Adipose tissue stromal cells labeled with Adv cyto LacZ from 3-day-old primary cultures (SVF1) were autotransplanted into damaged tibialis anterior muscles. Fifteen days later, β-galactosidase staining of regenerated fibers was detected, showing participation of these cells in muscle regeneration. Two months after SVF1 cell transfer, muscles were heavier, showed a significantly larger fiber section area, and developed a significantly higher maximal force compared with damaged control muscles. These results are similar to those previously obtained after satellite cell transplantation. However, SVF1 transfer also generated a small amount of adipose tissue localized along the needle course. To minimize these adipose contaminants, we transferred cells from 7-day-old secondary cultures of the SVF1, containing only a small proportion of already engaged preadipocytes (SVF2). Under these conditions, no adipose tissue was observed in regenerated muscle but there was also no effect on muscle performances compared with damaged control muscles. This result provides further evidence for the existence of progenitor cells in the stromal fraction of freshly isolated adipose tissue cells, which, under our conditions, keep some of their pluripotent properties in primary cultures.

In vitromigration capacity of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells reflects their expression of receptors for chemokines and growth factors

“…(Mizuno, 2010). Local or systemic administration of AdMSCs was reported to induce repair of myocardial infarction (Cai et al, 2009), liver injury (Banas et al, 2008), hypoxia-ischemia-induced brain damage (Wei et al, 2009), allergic rhinitis (Cho et al, 2009) and muscular dystrophy (Bacou et al, 2004). One of the more interesting characteristics of MSCs is their ability to migrate to areas of tissue injury.…”

Clonogenic multipotent stem cells in human adipose tissue differentiate into functional smooth muscle cells

“…A large population of cells isolated from the stromal vascular fraction of human adipose tissue termed processed lipoaspirate (PLA) cells possesses multilineage potential (8,9). Recent reports on PLA cells have demonstrated improvement of postnatal neovascularization (10), muscle regeneration (11), high potential to heal critical-size calvarial defects (osteogenic capacity) (12), and rescue of lethally irradiated mice (stromal capacity) (13). Adipose-derived cells also appear to possess cardiomyogenic capacity in vitro; however, the significance of this capacity remains to be proven (14).…”

Magnetic Targeting of Human Peripheral Blood CD133+Cells for Skeletal Muscle Regeneration

“…1 Previous studies have examined the use of drugs, cytokines, cells, and gene therapy attempted to improve muscle recovery. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Recently, we showed that transplantation of human peripheral blood CD133-expressing cells (CD133 + cells) inhibits fibrosis and improves muscle regeneration after skeletal muscle laceration. 11 Human blood CD133 + cells are wellsuited for clinical applications, because collecting these cells is safe, with limited ethical problems.…”