Transport and conductivity properties of an advanced cation exchange membrane in concentrated sodium hydroxide

Taylor, E. J.; Vilambi, N. R. K.; Waterhouse, R.B.; Gelb, Adi

doi:10.1007/bf01024575

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In this case, the reaction is highly structure-sensitive, Au(1 0 0) being the most active and Au(1 1 1) the least active planes, respectively [20]. Considerable efforts have been directed at establishing the oxygen reduction mechanism on gold [15,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. On the Au(1 0 0) plane, the 4e À reduction is observed at low overpotentials [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gold, in contrast, is a much less active electrocatalyst for ORR in acid media and a two-electron reduction of oxygen takes place on Au electrodes, while the peroxide intermediate is further reduced only at high overpotentials [9][10][11][12][13]. In alkaline solutions, the electrocatalytic activity of O 2 reduction is higher and it has been extensively studied on polycrystalline gold electrodes [14][15][16][17][18][19] as well as on single crystal surfaces [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. In this case, the reaction is highly structure-sensitive, Au(1 0 0) being the most active and Au(1 1 1) the least active planes, respectively [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on nanostructured gold electrodes

Sarapuu

Nurmik

Mändar

et al. 2008

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on nanostructured gold electrodes

Sarapuu

Nurmik

Mändar

et al. 2008

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…We recently used the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) technique to study the formation of peroxide ion during oxygen reduction on these single-crystal surfaces (5). Analysis of the ring data indicated that on the Au(100) surface, oxygen was reduced to hydroxide in the potential region positive to the catalytic peak.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nature of the Catalytic Peak for Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Electrolyte on the Au(100) Surface

Taylor¹,

Vilambi²,

Gelb³

1989

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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We have studied the phenomenology of the catalytic peak for oxygen reduction on the Au(100) surface using cyclic potential voltammetry. In the potential region of this catalytic peak, oxygen is reduced via the overall four-electron process to hydroxide with a half-wave potential significantly positive to that of the Au(111), Au(110), and polycrystallite gold surfaces. We have studied the effect of sweep rate, sweep direction, and potential limits on the formation and definition of the catalytic peak. Our data indicate that an "oxidized Au(100)" surface is uniquely catalytic and selective for the overall fourelectron reduction of oxygen to hydroxide: However, the oxygen reduction activity of the ',reduced Au(100)" surface is analogous to that of the Au(111) surface. The reduced Au(100) surface promotes the two-electron reduction of oxygen to peroxide ion, and the half-wave potential for oxygen reduction is more negative. We conclude that a potential-induced kinetically limited process is operative during oxygen reduction on oxidized and reduced Au(100) surfaces. Processes consistent with our conclusion are: (i) potential-induced surface reconstruction between a catalytic and n0ncatalytic surface and (it) potential-induced formation and destruction of a catalytic oxide or hydroxide. Additionally, trace level ionic species other than hydroxide ion could account for the behavior of the oxidized and reduced Au(100) surfaces. PSI Technology Company assisted in meeting the publication costs of this article.) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 131.215.225.9 Downloaded on 2015-07-06 to IP

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“…It has been demonstrated that the use of alloys such as Pt-Fe, Pt-Ni, Pt-Co, and Pt-Cr leads to enhancement in the activity of oxygen reduction on the cathode of the fuel cell compared with use of pure platinum. Bimetallic Pt alloys as oxygen reduction catalysts have also been reported [15,17,[21][22][23][24][25][26]. Wang et al have studied the reaction thermodynamics for direct four-electron reduction, evaluating the Gibbs free energy change for each step on a group of transition-metal atoms [27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Various Pt-based alloy catalysts (binary, ternary, and quaternary alloys) have also been tested as electrocatalysts for ORR in the last two decades [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Alloy catalysts have been proposed and tested with various degrees of success, attributed to the changes in the electronic structure with respect to that of Pt and to the changes in the physical structure of the catalyst (metal-metal distances and coordination numbers).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on single-walled carbon nanotubes supported Pt alloys nanoparticles in acidic and alkaline conditions

Golikand¹,

Asgari²,

Lohrasbi³

et al. 2009

J Appl Electrochem

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The objective of this study is to improve the catalytic activity of platinum by alloying with transition metal (Pd) in gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) by oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode site and comparison of the acidic and alkaline electrolytes. The high porosity of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) facilitates diffusion of the reactant and facilitates interaction with the Pt surface. It is also evident that SWCNTs enhance the stability of the electrocatalyst. Functionalized SWCNTs are used as a means to facilitate the uniform deposition of Pt on the SWCNT surface. The structure of SWCNTs is nearly perfect, even after functionalization, while other types of CNTs contain a significant concentration of structural defects in their walls. So catalysts supported on SWCNTs are studied in this research.The electrocatalytic properties of ORR were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, polarization experiments, and chronoamperometry. The morphology and elemental composition of Pt alloys were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) system. The catalytic activities of the bimetallic catalysts in GDEs have been shown to be not only dependent on the composition, but also on the nature of the electrolytes. The GDEs have shown a transition from the slow ORR kinetics in alkaline electrolyte to the fast ORR kinetics in the acidic electrolyte. The results also show that introduction of Pd as transition metal in the Pt alloys provides fast ORR kinetics in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. The performance of GDEs with Pt-Pd alloy surfaces towards the ORR as a function of the alloy's overall composition and their behavior in acidic electrolyte was also studied. These results show that the alloy's overall composition and also the nature of the electrolytes have a large effect on the performance of GDEs for ORR.

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Transport and conductivity properties of an advanced cation exchange membrane in concentrated sodium hydroxide

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on nanostructured gold electrodes

Electrochemical reduction of oxygen on nanostructured gold electrodes

The Nature of the Catalytic Peak for Oxygen Reduction in Alkaline Electrolyte on the Au(100) Surface

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction on single-walled carbon nanotubes supported Pt alloys nanoparticles in acidic and alkaline conditions

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