Transport and solubility of fluids into polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The solubility and transport of toluene and carbon disulfide into amorphous and crystalline polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) was investigated. The rates of sorption, desorption, and resorption of both fluids were measured as a function of temperature. The sorption of these fluids into amorphous PPS produces a semi-crystalline material by solvent induced crystallinity (SIC). Although the rate of diffusion of carbon disulfide (CS 2 ) into crystalline PPS, (produced either thermally or by SIC), is several orders of magnitude slower than that observed in amorphous PPS, the solubility is only slightly reduced, by approximately 10%. The PPS films exhibit highly stressed surface regions that rapidly sorb the penetrant. Thermal annealing at temperatures as high as 100°C (note T g of PPS is 85°C) has little or no effect on the surface stress, the diffusion process or the solubility of toluene into PPS. In addition to SIC, PPS undergoes cold crystallization at 130°-140°C; however, the degree of crystallinity induced by cold crystallization is approximately 60% of that formed by cooling from the melt.

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“…However, it turns brittle in nitric acid and sodium chloride environments 19. Wolf20 reported transport properties of toluene in annealed and as‐received PPS at 50°C obtained from sorption data. The equilibrium sorption coefficient in the as‐received material was found to be 12.1% and the diffusion coefficient 2.05 × 10 −9 cm 2 /s.…”

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“…particularly, chemical resistance of PPS fiber is better than Kevlar 1313 fiber, polyimide and other specialty fibers, only second to PTFE fiber. Thus PPS fiber was used in many chemical filters in the industrial areas, such as a coal-fired power plant flue gas dust removal, the incineration plant exhaust filter [5].…”

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“…4 However, the C-S-C bond of PPS macromolecules is particularly susceptible to being attacked by strong oxidizing gas under a high temperature environment, for example, pure PPS could be easily oxidized, macromolecular crosslinked, and even degraded, resulting in poor mechanical properties. [5][6][7] In order to compensate for these defects, PPS is usually modied with organic antioxidants.…”