Transport in Salivary and Salt Glands

Young, J. A.; Lennep, E. W. van

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81256-9_3

Cited by 92 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 305 publications

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“…This represents a hypertonicity of about 5 % but, as explained above, it probably overestimates the gradient that is required. Even so, it does not appear to be inconsistent with the results of micropuncture studies which suggest that the primary fluid, sampled from the intercalated duct region, is approximately isotonic or slightly hypertonic to the plasma in most glands (Young & van Lennep, 1979) and more markedly hypertonic in immature rat submandibular glands (Holzgreve, Martinez & Vogel, 1966). Samples of primary fluid collected from the dog submandibular gland following secretion against a high luminal pressure (250 mmHg) were also markedly hypertonic (55 mosmol 1-'; Imai, 1976).…”

Section: Secretory Response To Acetylcholinementioning

confidence: 79%

Osmotic flow transients during acetylcholine stimulation in the perfused rat submandibular gland

Nakahari¹,

Mc²,

Yoshida³

et al. 1997

Experimental Physiology

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SUMMARYOsmotic stress was applied to the perfused rat submandibular gland during steady-state fluid secretion. Alterations of perfusate osmolarity, by addition or withdrawal of sucrose or NaCi, caused transient changes in secretory rate during continuous stimulation with I /LM acetylcholine (ACh). Hyposmotic perfusates transiently increased, and hyperosmotic perfusates transiently reduced, the secretory rate. The transients were attributed to changes in osmotic flow resulting from changes in the instantaneous transepithelial osmotic gradient. The time course of the change in interstitial osmolarity was determined by using a Cl-electrode to record the changes in interstitial Cl-concentration following a step change in perfusate Cl-concentration. From the calculated changes in interstitial osmolarity and the resulting changes in secretory rate, the osmotic

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Section: Secretory Response To Acetylcholinementioning

confidence: 79%

Osmotic flow transients during acetylcholine stimulation in the perfused rat submandibular gland

Nakahari¹,

Mc²,

Yoshida³

et al. 1997

Experimental Physiology

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“…The immunoreactivity detected mainly in the ductal system, strongly suggests that the examined peptides do not control the first step of the classic secretory process by acinar glandular cells but rather control the special functions of ductal sialocytes, involved not only in the transport of the saliva but also in the modification of the primary saliva secreted by the acini through electrolyte reabsorption and protein production [37][38][39][40][41]. Previous studies identified presence of leptin receptor in sialocytes of the human ductal system [10,43], suggesting that leptin may exert control of salivary function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical expression and distribution of orexin, orphanin and leptin in the major salivary glands of some mammals

Leone

Spatola

Cucco

et al. 2012

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:The aim of the study was to determine by immunochemistry the expression of leptin, orexin A and orphanin FQ in the major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual) of rat, sheep and cow. These peptides, originally synthesized in central nervous system, adipose tissue and peripheral tissues including gastrointestinal tract, play an orexigenic (orphanin and orexin) or anorexigenic (leptin) roles in the intricate neuronal network appointed to the control of nutritional homeostasis. Peptide-specific immunoreactivity was present in the studied salivary glands with various intensities in different species, in the ductal epithelium, sometimes in the acinar epithelium, and in nervous trunks spread in connective tissue stroma. The obtained data show that salivary glands present an unexpected source of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides which with their autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms of action may participate in the control of salivary gland function.

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“…4 and 5. Effluent HC03-concentrations tended to increase at the higher perfusate pH values, but salivary HC03-concentrations remained steady (except at pH 6s2, when a higher concentration is to be expected because of the ductal fluid absorption seen at extremely low secretary rates, which tends to concentrate secreted ions such as K+ and HCO3-: Young & van Lennep, 1979). There was a marked increase in total HCO3-output with increasing perfusate pH, not only that excreted in the saliva, but also the total formed by the gland.…”

Section: The Effect Of Variation In Perfus~ate Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of buffer anions and protons in secretion by the rabbit mandibular salivary gland.

Case¹,

Conigrave²,

Favaloro³

et al. 1982

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The role of extracellular HCO3-and H+ in the formation of primary saliva and its subsequent modification by the glandular ducts has been investigated in the isolated perfused mandibular salivary gland of the rabbit.2. Variation of extracellular HCO3-concentration between 12-5 and 50-0 mmol/l was without effect on salivary flow rate or on Na+ and K+ excretion, even though salivary HCO3-(and Cl-) content altered with changes in the extracellular concentration of the two anions.3. Complete replacement ofperfusate HCO3-by Cl-reduced fluid secretion by 34 % and almost abolished ductal Na+ absorption. However, when extracellular pH was controlled by replacing HCO3-with the hydrophilic HEPES buffer, fluid secretion but not ductal Na+ absorption was restored to normal.4. Complete replacement ofexogenous HCO3-with acetate increased fluid secretion by 110 % and also stimulated ductal Na+ absorption. This effect did not appear to be related to changes in cell pH and remains unexplained. Acetate entered the saliva in concentrations comparable to those seen for HCO3 in control experiments. 5. Salivary secretion showed an almost linear dependence on extracellular pH, rising from 14 % of control (pH 7 4) levels at pH 6-2 to 130 % at pH 7-8. Ductal Na+ absorption showed a similar pH dependence.6. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors did not affect fluid secretion rates (except when supramaximal doses of ACh were used to evoke secretion) but they did cause a large reduction in salivary HCO3-output. In glands perfused with acetate rather than HCO3 , carbonic anhydrase inhibitors had no effect on excretion of fluid, acetate or metabolically derived HCO3. Duct perfusion studies suggested that the effect of the inhibitors on HC03-output was at the site of primary secretion rather than at the ductal site of HCO3-transport.

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Transport in Salivary and Salt Glands

Cited by 92 publications

References 305 publications

Osmotic flow transients during acetylcholine stimulation in the perfused rat submandibular gland

Osmotic flow transients during acetylcholine stimulation in the perfused rat submandibular gland

Immunohistochemical expression and distribution of orexin, orphanin and leptin in the major salivary glands of some mammals

The role of buffer anions and protons in secretion by the rabbit mandibular salivary gland.

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