Transport of herbicides and nutrients in surface runoff from corn cropland in southern Ontario

Bowman, B. T.; Wall, G. J.; King, D. J.

doi:10.4141/cjss94-008

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Since metolachlor was more strongly sorbed on soils than atrazine, it may have a lower mobility in soils (Bowman, 1989;Bowman et al, 1994). This sorption behaviour was in accordance with the Ko» values for the two compounds (metolachlor, 2.9; atrazine, 2.5).…”

Section: Table 1 Best-fit Parameters (K R 1/n) and Goodness Of Fit supporting

confidence: 79%

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Farenhorst

Bowman

1998

J. of Env. Sc. & Hlth., Part B

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Atrazine and metolachlor co-application to soil created competitive sorption between the two herbicides, producing smaller partitioning coefficients than for separate atrazine and metolachlor applications. The partitioning coefficients for both compounds were also less when applied in a commercial formulation, compared with separate analytical-grade applications. Since the Freundlich slope of the isotherms was less than unity (0.83 to 0.87), the sorption strength of the herbicides decreased with increasing solution concentrations. Based on the Freundlich adsorption values obtained, this study concludes that atrazine and metolachlor co-applications on agricultural fields have the potential to increase the mobility of these herbicides in soil, thereby also increasing the risk for groundwater contamination.

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Section: Table 1 Best-fit Parameters (K R 1/n) and Goodness Of Fit supporting

confidence: 79%

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Farenhorst

Bowman

1998

J. of Env. Sc. & Hlth., Part B

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“…The annual average of water runoff from sloped field (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10) in Japan had been reported as 2. 8% (1.…”

Section: Surface Flow Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Runoff and Mass Balance in Field Model Tests Analyzed by Commercially Available Immunoassay Kits

Takahashi¹,

Odanaka

Wada³

et al. 1999

J. Pestic. Sci.

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To understand pesticide runoff due to surface water flow from sloped cropland (6-6.5) with planted cabbages, runoff model tests with artificial rainfall were performed in different sized blocks of land. Immunochemical determinations using commercially available immunoassay kits were applied for pesticides in surface water. One hour after application of each 400 ppm emulsion of chlorothalonil (TPN) and diazinon, artificial rainfalls of 60 mm/hr for 10 and 23 min were induced to two small fields (blocks A and B: 6. 3 m2 each) and the rainfall of 18. 7 mm/hr for 30 min and the next day 25. 2 mm/hr for 10 min were also induced to a large field (block C: 460m2). The ratios of runoff water recovered were 1. 2% each in the blocks A and B, and 6. 0% from the first rainfall and 5. 8% from the second rainfall in the block C. The relative pesticide runoff was 0. 14-0. 62% for TPN and 0. 06-0. 39% for diazinon. When the results of analyses by both immunoassay and conventional GC were compared, they seemed to be roughly identical in similarly collected samples. Furthermore, deposits of pesticides on cabbages and soil surfaces were analyzed by immunoassay and the mass balance of each pesticide was estimated before and after rainfall in the test fields. TPN seemed to deposit better on cabbages and soil surfaces than did diazinon. Though in the block C almost half of the both pesticides initially deposited on the cabbages was washed off during the first rainfall, additional wash-off from the cabbages was observed only a little during the second rainfall. Before and after the second rainfall almost the same concentrations of each pesticide were found in the soil surface layer.

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“…Nitrate is highly soluble and is easily leached to subsurface drains or groundwater. However, a study in Ontario demonstrated that after fertilizer application, significant concentrations of nitrate are found in surface runoff (Bowman et al, 1994). Nitrate loss on the St. Esprit watershed varied seasonally.…”

Section: Seasonal Loss Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

WATER QUALITY OF AN INTENSWE AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED IN QUEBEC¹

Lapp¹,

Madramootoo²,

Enright³

et al. 1998

J American Water Resour Assoc

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. Under a watershed based approach being examined by the Quebec Ministry of Agriculture to accelerate the adoption of conservation practices, a study on the impacts of agricultural practices on the St. Esprit watershed was initiated in the fall of 1993. The water quality of this 26 km2 intensive agricultural watershed was studied over an 18 month period. Water samples taken at the outlet of the watershed were analyzed for nitrate, phosphate, suspended sediment, and atrazine. Water quality data were analyzed to establish seasonal trends in pollutant concentration and load in the watercourse. Spring snowmelt was identified as a significant period of pollutant material export. All pollutant materials displayed seasonal variability in the export process. Peak pollutant concentrations were associated with high flow events. Mean observed pollutant concentrations did not exceed drinking water quality standards.

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Transport of herbicides and nutrients in surface runoff from corn cropland in southern Ontario

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Pesticide Runoff and Mass Balance in Field Model Tests Analyzed by Commercially Available Immunoassay Kits

WATER QUALITY OF AN INTENSWE AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED IN QUEBEC¹

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Transport of herbicides and nutrients in surface runoff from corn cropland in southern Ontario

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Competitive sorption of atrazine and metolachlor in soil

Pesticide Runoff and Mass Balance in Field Model Tests Analyzed by Commercially Available Immunoassay Kits

WATER QUALITY OF AN INTENSWE AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED IN QUEBEC1

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WATER QUALITY OF AN INTENSWE AGRICULTURAL WATERSHED IN QUEBEC¹