Transport Phenomena Across Interfaces of Complex Fluids: Drops and Sprays

Bertola, Volfango; Brenn, Günter

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-35558-6_7

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering frontiersin.org (Reitz and Lin, 1998;Post and Hewitt, 2018;Bertola and Brenn, 2020). Rayleigh breakup is driven by surface tension forces and first wind-induced breakup occurs due to both surface tension forces and aerodynamic forces; these breakup regimes are observed in the bubbler nozzle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of Surfactin on sprayed droplets in flat fan, full cone, and low energy precision application bubbler nozzles: droplet formation and spray breakup

Stallbaumer-Cyr,

Aguilar,

Betz

et al. 2024

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Introduction: Agriculture is the largest user of water globally (i.e., 70% of freshwater use) and within the United States (i.e., 42% of freshwater use); irrigation ensures crops receive adequate water, thereby increasing crop yields. Surfactants have been used in various agricultural spray products to increase spray stability and alter droplet sizes.Methods: The effects of the addition of surfactant (0.1 wt% Surfactin; surface tension of 29.2 mN/m) to distilled water (72.79 mN/m) on spray dynamics and droplet formation were investigated in four flat fan (206.8–413.7 kPa), one full cone (137.9–413.7 kPa), and three LEPA bubbler (41.4–103.4 kPa) nozzles via imaging.Results and discussion: The flat fan and cone nozzles experienced second wind-induced breakup (i.e., unstable wavelengths drive breakup) of the liquid sheets exiting the nozzle; the addition of surfactant resulted in an increased breakup length and a decreased droplet size. The fan nozzles volumetric median droplet diameter decreased with the addition of surfactant (e.g., decreased by 26.3–65.6 μm in one nozzle). The full cone nozzle volumetric median droplet diameter decreased initially with the addition of surfactant (27.8, 14.3, and 13.4 μm at 137.9, 206.8, and 310.3 kPa respectively), but increased at 413.7 kPa (24.3 μm). Sprays from the bubbler nozzles were measured and observed to experience Rayleigh (i.e., the droplets form via capillary pinching at the end of the jet) and first wind-induced breakup (i.e., air impacts breakup along with capillary pinching). The effect of Surfactin on droplet size was minimal for the 41.4 kPa bubbler nozzle. The addition of surfactant increased the diameter of the jet or ligament formed from the bubbler plate, thereby increasing the breakup length and the droplet size at 68.9 and 103.4 kPa (droplet size increased by 750.6 and 4,462.7 μm, respectively).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of Surfactin on sprayed droplets in flat fan, full cone, and low energy precision application bubbler nozzles: droplet formation and spray breakup

Stallbaumer-Cyr,

Aguilar,

Betz

et al. 2024

Front. Mech. Eng.

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“…This is not the case for the studies concerning the interaction of drops of multicomponent liquids (suspension, emulsion, microemulsion, etc.). A rather limited number of related works have been published to date. − , The presence of solid and liquid impurities in drops implies a significant radial gradient of at least physical properties complicating the impact mechanisms in comparison with the drops of homogeneous liquids. Thus, the need to measure the physical and thermal properties of heterogeneous liquids as well as, in general, to experiment with the drops of such liquids is highly relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of the Fuel Microemulsion Characteristics on Drop Interaction with a Hot Wall

et al. 2021

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The utilization of fuel microemulsions helps in reducing harmful emissions, enhancing combustion efficiency, and preserving conventional fuels. This study is focused on the effect of the properties and phase behavior of water-in-diesel and water-in-biodiesel microemulsions that can be used as an alternative fuel on the droplet impingement dynamics of such fluids on a heated wall in the film boiling regime. The microemulsions represent complex fluids consisting of diesel fuel–rapeseed oil blends and distilled water with different mixture volume ratios. The emulsification is carried out using a mixture of a surfactant [isononylphenol poly(ethylene glycol) ether, PEG-6] and a co-surfactant (2-ethylhexanol) with a volume ratio of 9/1. The study considers the efficiency of the fuel samples in terms of the temperature-dependent viscosity and aggregate thermal stability as well as the quantitative characteristics of the spreading drop breakup, namely, mean diameter and number of ejected droplets. The fuel efficiency factor is derived to reveal the optimal samples. We test the phase behavior of the water–diesel fuel/rapeseed oil–PEG-6/2-ethylhexanol system in a wide temperature range. Comprehensive viscosity tests are carried out within the temperature ranges of stability to check the viscosity values of the developed microemulsions against the viscosity of the conventional diesel fuels.

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Transport Phenomena Across Interfaces of Complex Fluids: Drops and Sprays

Cited by 2 publications

References 111 publications

The effects of Surfactin on sprayed droplets in flat fan, full cone, and low energy precision application bubbler nozzles: droplet formation and spray breakup

The effects of Surfactin on sprayed droplets in flat fan, full cone, and low energy precision application bubbler nozzles: droplet formation and spray breakup

Synergistic Effect of the Fuel Microemulsion Characteristics on Drop Interaction with a Hot Wall

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