Transport properties of nanopores in electrolyte solutions: the diffusional model and surface currents

Fabrication of 10 nm diameter hydrocarbon nanopores

“…A model of electrolyte transport properties developed for asymmetric ͑nonconical͒ charged pores 28 also gives satisfactory fits of our data ͓Fig. 3͑a͔͒, implying that nonlinear I-V characteristics are likely due to the existence of internal electrostatic potential.…”

“…It has been observed 14 and calculated 28 that pore shape dictates the profile of internal electrostatic potential. For example, in conical pores this profile looks like an asymmetric "ratchet" tooth 14 and results in an asymmetric diodelike current-voltage characteristic.…”

“…Form EELS measurements we know that our nanopores are made from hydrocarbons suggesting that our pores might be highly hydrophobic and negatively charged and in that sense very similar to biological pores 26 and channels. 27 Recent theoretical 28 and experimental studies 29 suggest an existence of surface charge which depends on the pore material.…”

“…3͑a͔͒, implying that nonlinear I-V characteristics are likely due to the existence of internal electrostatic potential. The model, described in detail elsewhere, 28 is based on the reduction in the threedimensional Smoluchowski equation 30 into one-dimensional equation of Fick-Jackobs type. We have also calculated experimental values for the conductance as an average over the voltage range ͑−1 V Յ V Ն 1͒ at pH 7.5.…”

A relation between massive scalar field inAdSd+1and diffusion in channels

“…This last equation is important to study diffusion in biological channels, zeolites and nano-channels [25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. In this paper we will show that, when the diffusion coefficient is a constant and the cross sectional area is A(x) = (b + λx) 2ν (where ν, b, and λ are real constants), the Fick-Jacobs equation is equivalent to the conformal quantum mechanics.…”