Transportation of ROS in model tissues treated by an Ar  +  O₂ plasma jet

Abstract

Recently, some researches were reported to investigate the transportation of ROS/RNS in living tissues [11][12][13]. For example, real animal tissues such as mouse models or pig muscle tissues were used by Duan et al and Collet et al to study the penetration of plasma-generated ROS/RNS in living tissues [11,14,15]. Bekeschus et al mentioned that setup of suitable tissue-like models that allow to investigate plasmamedical effects is necessary for plasma biology [16], therefore, besides the real animal tissues, model tissues are more frequently used because of the ease of operation and stability. Gelatin gel or agarose gel was used by Szili et al and our group to mimic real tissues to study the penetration of plasma-generated ROS/RNS, and it was shown that plasma can transport several ROS/RNS into the model tissues and the penetration depth increases almost linearly with the plasma treatment

Evaluation of the anticancer effects induced by cold atmospheric plasma in 2D and 3D cell‐culture models

“…Nevertheless, as biological tissue is very complex, it is extremely difficult to study the RONS penetration directly in vivo. Hence, some researchers have attempted to track the permeation of RONS by using biotissue models, such as water models, gelatin gel films and isolated skin tissue . The most‐cited theory is that the maximum depth of RONS penetration is not more than 100 μm in biological tissue .…”

Gel models to assess distribution and diffusion of reactive species from cold atmospheric plasma: an overview for plasma medicine applications

“…Matching hydrogel electrical parameters : σ and r should be determined to tune the hydrogel model to match electrical characteristics of real tissues. Approximate values can be found in the literature, for example in previous plasma medicine hydrogels studies [46,48,58,81] but the most accurate method is arguably to measure them. Indeed, it will ensure that the values used correspond to the exact tissues at the frequency used in the study.…”

“…Nebuya et al built a multilayer phantom by using different concentrations of NaCl to match the conductivity of the different layers [39]. In the frame of plasma medicine, He et al added 1% NaCl to investigate the change of target conductivity [58], with little impact however in this particular setup. PBS has also been used as a partially conductive medium (15-20 mS.cm −1 ) as compared to water, showing a different plasma discharge (closer to a glow discharge) and a different gel treatment in terms of distribution and concentration of RONS [46].…”

“…• The distribution pattern of RONS significantly varies (pointlike, circular, ringshaped or even star-shaped [57]) depending on multiple factors (gas mix [11,47,58], distance [43,47,64,65]) or flow [42,47]. This distribution also varies along the depth of the tissue [47,64,65].…”

How does the moderate wavy surface affect the discharge behavior in an atmospheric helium dielectric barrier discharge model?

“…In recent years, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been proved to be a promising tool for some emerging scientific research fields and practical applications, such as plasma medicine and plasma biology . Being a direct plasma treatment method, DBD has a very important and distinguishing feature, compared with the indirect treatments, such as plasma jet, that it can produce a significant flux of charges to the substrate surface, and the amounts of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by DBDs are known to have important implications in such application scenarios. For better utilization of these reactive species, many researchers have devoted themselves to exploiting more stable, flexible, and efficient DBD implementations while investigating the physiochemical processes and their underlying mechanisms …”