Transportation Oriented Development Method: literature review

Abstract

Cities are a wealth production system that attract more and more people in search of a better lifestyle. Migration to cities affects the demand for more housing, services and facilities that, in many cases, imply uncontrolled urban growth, an increase in the number of vehicles, processes of social segregation and effects on natural systems. Indeed, cities are responsible for 70% of greenhouse gas emissions, one of the causes of climate change. Transportation Oriented Development (TOD) is an urban planning model that considers higher density, mixed land use, promotion of public transportation and also promotes a walkable and cycleable environment. This study aims to identify the characteristics of TOD that, from various studies, contribute to the construction of a more efficient and equitable city. The objective is to identify and define the characteristics that build this urban planning approach. A review of the state of the art was carried out in two phases: the first consisted of a bibliometric review based on the Vosviewer software and in the second, 28 articles published in high-impact journals were reviewed according to the Scimago ranking. The results indicate that several of the characteristics of TOD overlap in several studies and that others are not considered at a general level and should be strengthened.

Navigating the Delivery of Transit-Oriented Development: A Case Study of Private Developers in Riyadh

“…TOD is significant in addressing the urbanization challenges facing modern cities today [19][20][21][22]. By integrating land use and transportation planning, TOD promotes sustainable urban growth, reduces car dependency, and improves accessibility for residents [9,23].…”

“…Beyond its urban and social benefits, TOD also plays a crucial role in reducing carbon emissions and combating climate change [14,22]. By promoting compact, mixed-use development and encouraging transit use, TOD contributes to reducing private vehicle trips and the associated greenhouse gas emissions [40][41][42].…”

“…By promoting compact, mixed-use development and encouraging transit use, TOD contributes to reducing private vehicle trips and the associated greenhouse gas emissions [40][41][42]. Studies have shown that well-designed TODs can significantly lower car ownership rates and increase transit ridership, resulting in reduced energy consumption and a more sustainable transportation system [6,22,33].…”