Transrectal ultrasonographic characterization of the accessory sex glands, pelvic urethra, and ureters in normal geldings

Schnobrich, M.; Turner, Regina; Belcher, Carolyn; Slack, JoAnn

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.09.008

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ultrasonic examination was performed immediately after semen collection as described by Schnobrich et al. (2016). Parameters of the testis, cauda epididymis and spermatic cord were detected by ultrasonography in B mode (KX5600; KaiXin Electronic Co.) with a 7.5 MHz frequency transducer placed close to the surface of the gonads at the sites indicated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A breeding soundness evaluation, including a clinical examination of the sire, collection and evaluation of semen, was conducted to identify male animals with subfertility (Kastelic & Thundathil, 2008). Ultrasonographic examination of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands is a valuable and non‐invasive way to assess genital macroscopic morphology and pathology in livestock (Gnemmi & Lefebvre, 2009; Schnobrich et al., 2016). Kastelic and Brito (2012) recommended the use of ultrasound examination of the reproductive tract in bulls with azoospermia, and abnormalities in the size and shape of the reproductive organs, as well as unexplained pain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Multivariate models for estimating jackass semen production and quality

Liu

Li³

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of season, age, gonad and accessory sex glands on semen characteristics of jackass and to construct multivariate regression models to predict semen quality. In autumn, spring and summer, semen characteristics of 30 sexually mature donkeys (1,014 ejaculations) were analysed to investigate the effect of seasons on semen quality, and gonad and accessory sex gland parameters of 12 jackasses were measured immediately after ejaculation by ultrasonography to investigate the effect of seasons on reproductive organ size. Semen (598 ejaculates), gonad and accessory sex gland parameters of 40 jackasses aged between 3 and 7 years were analysed in autumn to investigate the effects of age and reproductive organ size on semen quality and to construct multivariate models. To verify the accuracy of the models, semen (476 ejaculates), gonad and accessory sex gland parameters of 20 jackasses were measured from March to June. Results revealed that semen, gonad and accessory sex gland parameters were not affected by season and age. Progressive motility (PM) was positively correlated with long axis of the spermatic cord (LASC) and negatively correlated with percentages of sperm abnormality (PSA). Total sperm count (TSC) was positively correlated with testis circumferences (TC) and cross‐sectional area of cauda epididymis (CSACE). TC, CSACE, LASC and PSA were included into multivariate models to predict PM, TSC and functional sperm count (FSC) in 20 jackasses (PM = 72.332 + 0.428 LASC − 0.441 PSA; TSC = −169.929 + 8.728 TC + 0.253 CSACE; FSC = −206.645 + 8.788 TC + 0.258 CSACE). The predicted and observed values corresponded well. In conclusion, the tested models can be used for predicting semen quality of donkey.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate models for estimating jackass semen production and quality

Liu

Li³

et al. 2020

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several species have ampullae of the ductus deferens, including equines, bovines, several reptiles, the human, rabbit and camels. The lumen of the ampulla of the ductus deferens is dilated by variable amounts of spermatozoa in stallions at rest (Pozor and McDonald, 2002), to a diameter up to 4 mm, measurable by ultrasonography (Schnobrich et al, 2016). In contrast, in geldings, the lumen"s diameter is less than 1 mm and is usually impossible to be measured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ampullar and Ductus Deferens Aspiration Increases the Total Number of Viable Spermatozoa Recovered from Stallion Extragonadal Sperm Reserves

Rus

Groza

PALL

et al. 2022

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Equine spermatozoa acquire maturation and fertilization capacity during their passage from the testis towards the cauda epididymis and are concurrently stored in the cauda epididymis and ampullae of the ductus deferens. In case of sudden death or emergency castration, epididymal spermatozoa can be harvested and successfully preserved. Ampullar aspiration was not previously described, even though the ampullae of the ductus deferens and the ductus deferens are valuable sources of mature spermatozoa in equines. The aim of this study was to describe a technique to collect spermatozoa from the ampullae of the ductus deferens and the ductus deferens of stallions during routine castration and to compare kinematic parameters of these spermatozoa to spermatozoa harvested from the cauda epididymis of the same stallion. Methods: Fourteen ampullae of the ductus deferens were successfully aspirated during the routine castration of 10 stallions, followed by epididymal sperm harvest. Concentration and motility parameters were assessed, computer-assisted and were compared to epididymal spermatozoa. Result: Ampullar and ductus deferens spermatozoa increased the total number of spermatozoa recovered by approximately 6%. Progressive motility (PM), velocity of the average path (VAP), velocity of the curved line (VCL) and linearity (LIN) did not differ significantly (P≤0.05) between the ampullar spermatozoa (AS) and the epididymal spermatozoa (ES). Total motility (TM) was significantly lower (P= 0.04) in the AS group.

show abstract

“…Trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) of the internal genitalia may be used as an aid in the diagnosis of reproductive tract health. TRUS could reveal prostatic masses and seminal gland echo-texture abnormalities suggestive of inflammation (Pozor and McDonnell, 2002;Schnobrich et al, 2016). Relatively, little information is existing on male TRUS in veterinary practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic Examination and Measurements of Testes, Epididymis and Accessory Glands at Different Growth Stages of Chios Rams

Ali

Abdel-Razek

Fahmy

2021

ASD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Testes, epididymis and accessory glands measurements should be mandatory as an imminent for male selection. This study aimed at defining the ultrasonographic characteristics and measurements of testes, epididymis and accessory glands at different growth stages in Chios rams.Methods: Sixteen rams were assigned by age class into: group A (pre-pubertal, n=3), group B (pubertal, n=5) and group C (mature, n=8). Scrotal circumference (SC) was measured using a tape. Scrotal contents were examined using a B-mode ultrasound. Testicular breadth (TB), thicknesses of tunica albuginea (TA) and mediastinum (MS) and the largest dimension of epididymal tail (EpT) were estimated. Trans-rectal ultrasound was carried out to estimate the echogenicity and diameter of bulbourethral gland (BUG), height of pars dessiminata of prostate (PDP) and maximum breadth of seminal gland (SG).Result: SC increased curvilinear with age. Testicular echogenicity increased with age. Thickness of TA did not differ with age. MS could not detect in pre-pubertal rams, reached maximum thickness with puberty and became relatively thinner by maturity. EpT evidently enlarged with puberty. BUG, PDP and SG exhibited moderate echogenicity. They reached their greatest size with sexual maturity. SC estimated by tape and TB estimated by US correlated with most of the ultrasonographic measurements of the epididymis and accessory glands.

show abstract

Transrectal ultrasonographic characterization of the accessory sex glands, pelvic urethra, and ureters in normal geldings

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Multivariate models for estimating jackass semen production and quality

Multivariate models for estimating jackass semen production and quality

Ampullar and Ductus Deferens Aspiration Increases the Total Number of Viable Spermatozoa Recovered from Stallion Extragonadal Sperm Reserves

Ultrasonographic Examination and Measurements of Testes, Epididymis and Accessory Glands at Different Growth Stages of Chios Rams

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About