Transvenous embolization of a pediatric pial arteriovenous fistula

Abstract

Pial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are a rare, although clinically significant, vascular anomaly affecting the pediatric population. There are few retrospective case series describing their epidemiological, clinical and radiographic characteristics as well as technical elements of treatment. Combined transarterial and transvenous embolization of a 12 month old female with a multi-hole pial AVF is described. The patient underwent treatment in a staged fashion and without neurological complication.

Pediatric Intracranial Nongalenic Pial Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Features, Angioarchitecture, and Outcomes

“…Twenty-eight patients with an NGAVF were identified, including 7 who had been included in other published reports (patients 3,10,11,17,19,20, and 23 of the current series; On-line Table 1). [18][19][20][21] Three patients were excluded due to insufficient clinical and imaging data to confirm the diagnosis of NGAVF.…”

Intracranial Pial Arteriovenous Fistula Presenting as Brain Hemorrhage in Newborn Infants

“…Intracranial pial arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are rare vascular lesions of the brain, and have distinct angioarchitectural characteristics, consisting of single or multiple arterial feeders and a drainage vein without an intervening nidus. AVFs account for 1.68.4% of all intracranial vascular malformations 13) and represent approximately 4% of pediatric cere bral vascular malformations 4) .…”

Endovascular management of a vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation in an infant with challenging femoral arterial access

“…6,9 Likewise, non-balloon-assisted retrograde embolization techniques have been recently described. 3,8 We think that a balloon-assisted retrograde embolization technique can add to the safety margin of this approach by preventing excessive and premature reflux of Onyx into the venous system. This may be especially true when the transvenous technique is used to deal with very high flow malformations.…”