“…For thin films, i.e., films whose thickness is smaller than the exchange length ex = 2A/(µ 0 M 2 s ), which is the characteristic length scale at which the exchange and the magnetostatic interactions balance each other, the magnetization vector becomes nearly independent of z, and due to the strong shape anisotropy the magnetization is forced to lie almost entirely in the film plane in magnetically soft materials. There are many possible combinations of the material and geometric parameters that lead to a whole hierarchy of thin film regimes [66,129,176,177,116,126,114,173] (this list is not meant to be exhaustive). For Néel walls in extended films with moderate magnetocrystalline anisotropy, an appropriate model that balances the exchange, anisotropy and the magnetostatic energy as the film thickness vanishes was introduced in [177] (see also [65,39]).…”