Trap Energy Upconversion‐Like Near‐Infrared to Near‐Infrared Light Rejuvenateable Persistent Luminescence

Chen, Xingzhong; Li, Yang; Huang, Kai; Huang, Ling; Tian, Xiumei; Dong, Huafeng; Kang, Ru; Hu, Yihua; Nie, Jianmin; Qiu, Jianrong; Han, Gang

doi:10.1002/adma.202008722

Cited by 93 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Moreover, compared with X-ray, the UV light with relatively lower energy can fill more DTs. This particular phenomenon has also been reported in other trap-related LPPs, such as ZnGa 2 O 4 :Cr 3+n [41], Li 5 Zn 8 Ga 5 Ge 9 O 36 :Cr 3+ , Ti 4+ [31] and CaSnO 3 :Bi 2+ [42]. The charge carriers can hardly escape from the DTs, leading a poor PersL intensity of the UV-charged sample, as compared in Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Trap Regulationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

et al. 2021

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Perusing multimode luminescent materials capable of being activated by diverse excitation sources and realizing multi-responsive emission in a single system remains a challenge. Herein, we utilize a heterovalent substituting strategy to realize multimode deep-ultraviolet (UV) emission in the defect-rich host Li 2 CaGeO 4 (LCGO). Specifically, the Pr 3+ substitution in LCGO is beneficial to activating defect site reconstruction including the generation of cation defects and the decrease of oxygen vacancies. Regulation of different traps in LCGO:Pr 3+ presents persistent luminescence and photostimulated luminescence in a synergetic fashion. Moreover, the up-conversion luminescence appears with the aid of the 4f discrete energy levels of Pr 3+ ions, wherein incident visible light is partially converted into germicidal deep-UV radiation. The multi-responsive character enables LCGO:Pr 3+ to response to convenient light sources including X-ray tube, standard UV lamps, blue and near-infrared lasers. Thus, a dual-mode optical conversion strategy for inactivating bacteria is fabricated, and this multi-responsive deep-UV emitter offers new insights into developing UV light sources for sterilization applications. Heterovalent substituting in trapmediated host lattice also provides a methodological basis for the construction of multi-mode luminescent materials.

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Section: Analysis Of Trap Regulationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

et al. 2021

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“…The UV excitation band at 288 nm was originated from the O 2− → Fe 3+ charge transfer transition. The other four less intensive excitation bands at 400, 448, 465, and 573 nm can be ascribed to the 6 A 1 ( 6 S) → 4 E ( 4 D), 4 T 2 ( 4 D), 4 A 1 + 4 E ( 4 G), and 4 T 2 ( 4 G) d-d transitions of Fe 3+ , respectively. [45] PL decay curve of the representative MGO:Fe 3+ sample shows a double-exponential decay with an effective PL lifetime of 9.374 ms, which is similar to the previously reported value of other Fe 3+ -doped compounds (Figure 2b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Defect Enrichment in Near Inverse Spinel Configuration to Enhance the Persistent Luminescence of Fe³⁺

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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Up to now, PersL materials emitting visible light have been extensively studied and applied in emergency signage, optical data storage and anti-counterfeiting, energy-saving catalysis, and many other aspects. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Recently, near-IR (NIR) PersL materials have received particular interest due to their great application prospects in various biomedical applications, such as autofluorescence-free bioimaging, longterm biomolecule tracking. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] However, in stark contrast to the evolving progress in the research of the PersL materials in visible region, the study concerning the design and development of NIR PersL materials is still lacking. [28,29] Hence, it is significantly important to develop and make up the number of NIR PersL materials.The luminescent materials are composed of matrixes and activators, the activators exist as emission centers while the matrixes provide an appropriate crystal environment for activators. [30] At present, most reported NIR PersL materials are based on Cr 3+ emitters. [28] Nevertheless, the toxicity of chromium might lead to biosafety and biodistribution issues of these Cr 3+ -activated materials in organisms, which would severely hindered further practical bioapplications. [31][32][33] As an essential element of the human body, the promising and so far rarely investigated ferric ions can be a considerable candidate for activator ions to address the toxicity issue of Cr 3+ . [34] Unfortunately, the number of studies on the rational design of Fe 3+doped NIR PersL remains very quiet. [35,36] Hitherto, the majority of the research concerning Fe 3+ -activated luminescent materials is devoted to their photoluminescence (PL) properties and the related luminescence thermometer application. [37,38] This may be because Fe 3+ is usually regarded as a luminescent quencher, and it is hard to control the crystal environments of the matrixes for achieving PersL of Fe 3+ . Therefore, it is vital importance to explore a special crystal structure and regulate the defect properties for the development of Fe 3+ -activated NIR PersL materials.Spinel configuration can be one of the best host material candidates when designing PersL materials owing to the easy formation of vacancies and anti-site defects. [39,40] However, the PersL from Fe 3+ doped in spinel-type compounds has never been reported before. [41] Herein, we propose a new strategy of defect enrichment for the activation of PersL, and in contrast to the normal spinel configuration, we demonstrate that the crystal structure of near inverse spinel ensures more numerous Spinel configuration is a kind of broadly considered host candidate when designing persistent luminescence (PersL) materials due to the easy generation of vacancies and anti-site defects. Here, a new strategy of defect enrichment for the activation of PersL is proposed, and in contrast to the spinel configuration, it is demonstrated that the crystal structure of near inverse spinel ensures more numerous defects to activat...

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“…Visible or IR light of low-energy photons have been recently used for optical information read-out and deep-tissue-penetrated photostimulation. [55][56][57] Both of these applications are based on photostimulated luminescence (PSL) and photostimulated persistent luminescence (PSPL) phenomena. [27,58] When a persistent phosphor receives additional optical stimulation (usually from visible or IR), the trapped and stored carriers in the shallow levels are released, which results in PSL.…”

Section: Photostimulated Luminescence and Persistent Luminescence At ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving Ultraviolet C and Ultraviolet B Dual‐Band Persistent Luminescence by Manipulating the Garnet Structure

Wang

Mao

2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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PersL is a unique phenomenon that a material emits for an appreciable time (seconds, minutes, hours, or days) after switching off an optical excitation. Without the requirement of a continuous optical excitation, persistent phosphors in the visible and infrared ranges have been extensively studied during past decades and have shown a vast range of promising applications underlying the "persistence" feature, including night-vision displays, [22] bio-imaging, [23,24] and optical information storage. [25] Not until recently have UVC persistent phosphors been found with promising applications in optical communication for all lighting conditions for the first time, with Pr 3+ as the UVC PersL ion. [26] Due to the complete absence of UVC solar radiation in the lower atmosphere, UVC PersL can be visualized free of any disturbance from outdoor lighting or artificial lights. Thus, UVC PersL from phosphors can satisfy a pointing and tracking function independent of ambient lighting conditions. Additionally, persistent photocatalysis, [27] persistent sterilization, [28] self-sustained imaging technique, [26] and other UV-sensitive or UV-stimulated applications [29,30] will be possibly achieved. These promising applications are beyond the expectations from phosphors with visible or infrared PersL.However, the development of UVC and UVB persistent phosphors is encumbered by the foreseeable difficulties. First, selecting an appropriate luminescence ion emitting at UVC and UVB spectral range is required. Pr 3+ is a well-suited luminescence ion with a UV-emissive 4f5d energy level for this purpose. [26] Based on that, UVC and UVB PersL can be achieved within a crystal host only with effective trapping centers to form UV-trapping energy levels. Unfortunately, the exact characteristics of trapping centers remains unclear even for many visible and infrared persistent phosphors using popular host materials such as aluminates, [31,32] gallates, [22][23][24] garnets, [33] and others. [25,34,35] The creation of traps in these phosphors may be varied from lanthanide codoping, [31] Li + doping, [36] and cationic substitution. [22,33] Garnet is a crystal structure in a generic chemical formula {A} 3 [B] 2 (C) 3 O 12 , consisting of linked [AO 8 ], [BO 6 ], and [CO 4 ] polyhedra. It is one of the most studied host matrixes accommodating lanthanide ions or transition metal ions due to its chemical and physical stability and tolerant nature for cationic substitution. [37][38][39][40] Cationic substitution or heterovalent cosubstitution at its A, B, and/or C Persistent luminescence (PersL) at the high-energy spectral end (ultraviolet, UV) is generally hard to achieve, although a long-lasting UV PersL can play an irreplaceable role in outdoor imaging and other UV-triggered applications. No PersL with dual ultraviolet C (UVC) and ultraviolet B (UVB) bands from a single material has previously been attained until the authors have designed Pr 3+ -doped (Ca 1.5 Y 1.5 )(Al 3.5 Si 1.5 )O 12 (CYAS-Pr) through cosubstituting Ca 2+ -Si 4+ into Y 3 Al 5...

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Trap Energy Upconversion‐Like Near‐Infrared to Near‐Infrared Light Rejuvenateable Persistent Luminescence

Cited by 93 publications

References 59 publications

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

Defect Enrichment in Near Inverse Spinel Configuration to Enhance the Persistent Luminescence of Fe³⁺

Achieving Ultraviolet C and Ultraviolet B Dual‐Band Persistent Luminescence by Manipulating the Garnet Structure

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Trap Energy Upconversion‐Like Near‐Infrared to Near‐Infrared Light Rejuvenateable Persistent Luminescence

Cited by 93 publications

References 59 publications

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

Multi-responsive deep-ultraviolet emission in praseodymium-doped phosphors for microbial sterilization

Defect Enrichment in Near Inverse Spinel Configuration to Enhance the Persistent Luminescence of Fe3+

Achieving Ultraviolet C and Ultraviolet B Dual‐Band Persistent Luminescence by Manipulating the Garnet Structure

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Defect Enrichment in Near Inverse Spinel Configuration to Enhance the Persistent Luminescence of Fe³⁺