Trap Production by Nematophagous Fungi Growing from Parasitized Nematodes

Jaffee, B. A.; Muldoon, A. E.; Tedford, E. C.

doi:10.1094/phyto-82-615

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since germination of the spores and subsequent hyphal growth is also suppressed in soil [Jaffee and Zehr, 1985], inoculum for soil or plant treatment should be formulated on a mycelial basis, provided that new infective conidia are formed on the mycelium after introduction into soil. Unlike the H. rhossiliensis isolate (IMI 265748) used by Jaffee et al [1992], the isolate we obtained from infected potato cyst nematode juveniles (CBS 108.94) produced large numbers of phialides during submerged growth in potato dextrose broth, although no spores were formed. Lackey et al [1992], also using isolate IM1265748, reported that the first phialides and spores were observed within two days after incubation in moist chambers, and that radial growth of the mycelial colonies and sporulation continued for at least 3 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The moisture level chosen (matric potential -100 mbar) was considered to be realistic for the field situation in spring, when potatoes are planted. As transmission of H. rhossiliensis spores to nematodes may vary with soil type, moisture conditions and nematode species [Tedford et al, 1992], the observed effects of soil inoculation cannot be generalized for different situations or regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Suppression of potato cyst nematode root penetration by the endoparasitic nematophagous fungusHirsutella rhossiliensis

Velvis¹,

Kamp²

1996

Eur J Plant Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The endoparasitic nematophagous fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis was tested for its ability to suppress root penetration and cyst formation by the potato cyst nematode species Globoderapallida. Isolates ofH. rhossiliensis were obtained from infected potato cyst nematode juveniles from different starch potato fields in The Netherlands. The isolates showed no difference in spore adhesion to juveniles on agar plates (adhesion rate: -4-90%). The most rapid growing isolate, CBS 108.94, was used for experiments. Vegetative mycelial colonies of H. rhossiliensis CBS 108.94, grown in potato dextrose broth, were used as soil inoculum. During submerged cultivation the mycelial colonies produced phialides (spore-bearing cells) but no spores. Exposed to the air, however, spores were rapidly formed. The effect of different soil inocuhm densities of mycelial colonies on root penetration by Globodera pallida was examined in an experiment in 250-ml pots. Up to a mycelial colony concentration representing a potential spore density of 104 g-1 soil no suppression occurred. At approximated densities of 2.5 • 104 and 105 spores g-1 soil the numbers of juveniles which penetrated roots were reduced by 30% and 34%, respectively. The distribution of the inoculum could be improved by fragmentation of the mycelial colonies before soil inoculation. Using mycelial fragments, again no suppression of root penetration was observed up to a potential spore density of 104 g-1 soil, but at densities of 105 and 106 g-! a suppression of 54% and 88%, respectively, was measured. In a greenhouse experiment, soil inoculation with mycelial colonies with a potential spore production of 2.5 • 105 g-1 soil resulted in a suppression of root penetration of 37% and 51% after 5 and 6 weeks, respectively, but the number of newly formed cysts after 18 weeks in soil was not different for control and inoculated pots. It is concluded that H. rhossiliensis may be useful for the reduction of root damage caused by juveniles of potato cyst nematodes, but the usefulness for population control is doubtful.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of potato cyst nematode root penetration by the endoparasitic nematophagous fungusHirsutella rhossiliensis

Velvis¹,

Kamp²

1996

Eur J Plant Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First, the parasitized host often acts as a focus for the production of infective propagules and is an important stage in the life history of many fungi that attack soil nematodes and insects (11,13,18,21,24,36). Second, fungi growing from their hosts presumably experience minimal competition from other fungi and bacteria, because growth from the host does not require capture of new resource, only conversion of captured resource into new structures.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the endoparasitic fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis first converts the nematode host into a bag of assimilative hyphae and then converts the hyphae into external conidia that adhere to and initiate infection of nematodes (21). Similarly, the nematode-trapping fungus Monacrosporium gephyropagum first converts the trapped nematode into assimilative hyphae internal to the host and then into external, adhesive branches (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Ba¹

1999

Phytopathology®

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I tested the hypothesis that exclusion of enchytraeids and microarthropods in agricultural fields improves establishment of two nematophagous fungi. Soil was collected from three tomato fields and two vineyards and either heat-treated (2 h at 60 degrees C) or not. Alginate pellets containing hyphae of the fungi Hirsutella rhossiliensis or Monacrosporium gephyropagum were added to the soil, which was packed into cages (PVC pipe, 80-cm(3) volume) sealed with fine (20 mum) or coarse (480 mum) mesh. Cages were buried 22 cm deep in the same fields from which the soil had been collected. After 7 to 50 days, the cages were recovered and fungi and fauna quantified. Fine mesh largely excluded enchytraeids, collembolans, and mites but rarely affected fungus numbers. In contrast, heat treatment of soil rarely affected enchytraeids, collembolans, or mites but frequently increased fungus numbers, regardless of mesh size. The data are inconsistent with the initial hypothesis but are consistent with the idea that organisms narrower than 20 mum interfere with fungal growth from the pellets.

show abstract

“…The fungi readily trap and parasitize the nematodes on agar (Poinar & Jansson 1986;Van Sloun et al 1990;Jaffee et al 1992;Koppenhoefer et al 1996), but observations on their interactions in soil are quite limited (Van Sloun et al 1990;Koppenhoefer et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination of the entomopathogenic nematodeHeterorhabditis bacteriophoraand the nematode-trapping fungiDactylaria brochopagaandArthrobotrys conoidesfor controllingMeloidogyne incognitain tomato fields

Noweer

El-Wakeil

2007

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of combining an entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs) and nematode-trapping fungi to control root-knot nematode were studied in the laboratory and in a tomato field. Bioassay effects of EPNs (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) on growth of the two nematode-trapping fungi (Dactylaria brochopaga and Arthrobotrys conoides) attacking J2 of Meloidogyne incognita were studied in the laboratory. A field experiment was conducted in a tomato field. The mortality percentages were higher in combining EPNs and trapping fungi than either by trapping fungi or EPNs alone. Combining EPNs with A. comcaides fungi caused mortality higher than application by EPNs and trapping fungi D. brochopaga. The highest mortality percentage of combined EPNs and trapping fungi on larvae, root galls and egg-masses of M. incognita in tomato field were in the treatment of combined EPNs and D. brochopaga several times and the treatment of combined EPNs and A. comcaides several times, followed by the treatment of combined EPNs and D. brochopaga one time, and treatment of combined EPNs and A. comcaides one time. In the third stage came the treatment of D. brochopaga alone, and the treatment of A. comcaides alone, finally came effects of the treatment of EPNs alone. The highest tomato yield was recorded in treatments of combined EPNs and D. brochopaga or A. comcaides compared to the separate treatments and control. Thus, we recommend farmers to use combination of EPNs and trapping fungi for increasing the mortality of M. incognita in tomato fields.

show abstract

Trap Production by Nematophagous Fungi Growing from Parasitized Nematodes

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Suppression of potato cyst nematode root penetration by the endoparasitic nematophagous fungusHirsutella rhossiliensis

Suppression of potato cyst nematode root penetration by the endoparasitic nematophagous fungusHirsutella rhossiliensis

Enchytraeids and Nematophagous Fungi in Tomato Fields and Vineyards

Combination of the entomopathogenic nematodeHeterorhabditis bacteriophoraand the nematode-trapping fungiDactylaria brochopagaandArthrobotrys conoidesfor controllingMeloidogyne incognitain tomato fields

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About