Trapping Related to Phytosanitary Status and Trade

Enkerlin, Walther; Miller, Charles “Ed”; Reyes-Flores, Jesus

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9193-9_17

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…This e‐trap technology, thus, opens future opportunities to assess FF population in different scenarios and real‐time operation, minimizing the human power needed to service the monitoring/surveillance system. The above trapping system could be adopted by Area Wide, Sterile Insect Release Programs (Jang et al., ) to monitor dispersion patterns of released males and assess in real time, the dynamics of sterile fly sex ratios that are essential elements to evaluate the performance of the programs at local and regional scales. Detecting FF invasive species in ports of entry would also be one of the areas where this type of ground teledetection could be applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult trapping is being used as a tool to (i) detect incipient populations of exotic FF, (ii) delimit detected populations, (iii) confirm eradication efforts, (iv) assess mitigation and exclusion efforts, (v) demonstrate acceptable levels of risk to trading partners, (vi) implement agricultural quarantine programs, and (vii) ensure proper targeting of phytosanitary programmes (Lance, ). As an example, the Chile's FF National Detection System maintains and verifies its status as a “fruit fly‐free” region with a grid of approximately 14,500 traps covering the main producing and risk areas of the country (Jang, Enkerlin, Miller, & Reyes‐Flores, ). Similarly, the areawide control of C. capitata in Mexico and Guatemala includes a grid of 30,000 traps distributed throughout Southern Mexico and the North of Guatemala (Jang et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, the Chile's FF National Detection System maintains and verifies its status as a “fruit fly‐free” region with a grid of approximately 14,500 traps covering the main producing and risk areas of the country (Jang, Enkerlin, Miller, & Reyes‐Flores, ). Similarly, the areawide control of C. capitata in Mexico and Guatemala includes a grid of 30,000 traps distributed throughout Southern Mexico and the North of Guatemala (Jang et al., ). These monitoring grids are serviced manually by periodic visits of field inspectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic traps for detection and population monitoring of adult fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Shaked

Amore²,

Ioannou

et al. 2017

J Applied Entomology

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During the last decades, the economic importance of tephritid fruit flies (FF) has increased worldwide because of recurrent invasions and expansions into new areas, and reduced control capabilities of current control systems. Efficient monitoring systems, thus, are required to provide fast information to act promptly. With this aim in mind, we developed two electronic trap (e‐trap) versions for adult FF: one with specific volatiles for male and female adult Ceratitis capitata, and the second, based on the attraction of adult FF to yellow colour, targeting Dacus ciliatus, Rhagoletis cerasi and Bactrocera oleae. In the case of B. oleae, the female pheromone and ammonium bicarbonate were added as synergists. In the two versions, attracted FF were retained in the trap on glued surfaces. Real‐time images of the surfaces were automatically taken and transmitted to a server. We tested the two e‐trap versions in insect‐proof cages, where flies were released and recaptured, and in commercial orchards throughout the Mediterranean: C. capitata in peach orchards in Italy; R. cerasi in cherry orchards in Greece; B. oleae in olive orchards in Spain and in Greece; and D. ciliatus in melons in plastic tunnels in Israel. The e‐trap showed excellent abilities to transmit real‐time images of trapped FF and a high specificity for trapping different FF species. The ability of the entomologist to correctly classify FF from images in the office was >88%. In addition, average number of flies/trap in e‐trap grids did not differ from numbers reported on grids of conventional traps that were operating simultaneously. The e‐traps developed and tested in this study provide the basis for the real‐time monitoring of FF were no olfactory attractants are available, and for the surveillance of alien FF incursions where generic, but not specific, olfactory attractants exists.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electronic traps for detection and population monitoring of adult fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Shaked

Amore²,

Ioannou

et al. 2017

J Applied Entomology

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“…Dispersal ability affects the setting of quarantine boundaries (Dominiak, 2012; Meats et al., 2003; Weldon et al., 2014), and the same is true for delimiting survey boundaries. Delimiting pest populations, or defining their spatial extent, is typically an early response to newly detected incursions (van Havre & Whittle, 2015; Jang et al., 2014). Delimitation determines how extensively the eradication or management response may need to be applied (Tobin et al., 2014), and accurately estimating the area of survey coverage is important for both resource use and containment success (Mangel et al., 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For that reason, and because more standardized trapping survey guidelines are urgently needed (Jang et al., 2014), we analysed data for several species across a range of dispersal abilities to develop a more general method for setting delimiting survey radius lengths. We wanted to test using reported D values to predict radii that were highly likely to contain the associated pest population during a 30‐day delimiting survey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying insect dispersal distances from trapping detections data to predict delimiting survey radii

Caton

Fang

Manoukis

et al. 2021

J Applied Entomology

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The spread potential of invasive pests is a major concern for delimitation, quarantine and eradication efforts. We analysed trapping survey detections data for five insects and one low‐dispersing mollusc to quantify 30‐day dispersal kernels (mean total distance [MTD], m). We hypothesized that MTD would increase with species’ reported diffusion coefficients (D, m2 per day), and that D could be used to predict containment radius lengths for delimiting surveys for exotic pests. We collected trapping data for the following six invasive pest species: European grapevine moth (EGVM; Lobesia botrana [Denis & Schiffermüller]), Giant African land snail (GALS; Lissachatina fulica [Bowdich]), Japanese beetle (JB; Popillia japonica [Newman]), Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly; Ceratitis capitata [Wiedemann]), Mexican fruit fly (Mexfly; Anastrepha ludens [Loew]) and Oriental fruit fly (OFF; Bactrocera dorsalis [Hendel]). We used K‐means clustering to group detections that were proximate in space and time, then finalized them manually. We calculated MTD from the cluster centroid for each detection. Probability histograms for MTD were fit to a two‐parameter exponential function, and from those functions we estimated species’ dispersal limits for four percentiles (99th to 99.99th). The least vagile species, GALS and EGVM, had the greatest decay rates, and smallest MTD and percentile distances. OFF, with the greatest reported D, had the smallest decay rates and greatest MTD and percentile distances. Medfly, Mexfly and JB had intermediate MTD and percentile distances. Each regression of percentile distance as a logarithmic function of D fit the data well. The best regression used adjusted 99.9th percentile distances. These empirical results indicated that many delimiting surveys currently in use are oversized; adopting the new recommendations could yield significant cost savings. These results could be a general solution for estimating delimiting survey radii (for durations of ca. 30 days) across a wide range of insect dispersal abilities.

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Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the male medfly, Ceratitis capitata, to thymol and carvacrol ethers

Tabanca,

Cloonan,

Nesterkina

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is one of the most economically important insect pests attacking fruits and vegetables in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Semiochemical‐based pest management programs are being used to provide environmentally friendly control methods for medflies. The goals of the current study were to discover potential new, attractive, kairomones by designing, synthesizing, and testing simplified ethers of thymol and carvacrol along with their ether derivatives in short‐range attraction assays and electroantennogram (EAG) assays with male C. capitata. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first investigation of thymol and carvacrol, and their respective ethers for attractancy to C. capitata, a major agricultural pest worldwide.RESULTSIn short‐range attraction bioassays, parent compounds, thymol and carvacrol, along with their propyl, butyl, benzyl, and octyl ethers captured the most male C. capitata. The attraction patterns changed over time and captures were only significant if they were greater than the positive control tea tree oil (TTO) at 90 min. In EAG assays, thymol benzyl, octyl ethers, and carvacrol benzyl ether evoked significantly greater antennal responses than their parent compounds. The EAG responses did not correlate with short‐range male attraction. The aliphatic side chains of thymol and carvacrol had a small effect on the activity. Future studies will investigate the long‐range attraction of the ethers that elicited large EAG responses.CONCLUSIONThis report provides new information for discovering potential kairomones through synthesis and structure–activity studies for sterile male medflies. Thymol, carvacrol, and several of their ether derivatives displayed improved longevity of attraction compared with TTO (a strong medfly attractant), with significantly higher captures than TTO observed at 90 min in laboratory bioassays. Further chemical synthesis of thymol and carvacrol ethers within this series may lead to the development of ethers that are more attractive or persistent than their parent compounds, thymol and carvacrol. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.

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Trapping Related to Phytosanitary Status and Trade

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Electronic traps for detection and population monitoring of adult fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Electronic traps for detection and population monitoring of adult fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Quantifying insect dispersal distances from trapping detections data to predict delimiting survey radii

Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the male medfly, Ceratitis capitata, to thymol and carvacrol ethers

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