Tratamiento antiplaquetario prequirúrgico y postquirúrgico

Abstract

Treatment with antiplatelet drugs constitutes one of the fundamental bases in acute coronary syndromes. Used for both prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). On the other hand, antiplatelet therapy can also be used in patients during and after an angioplasty or stenting procedure, after a coronary bypass, among others. This treatment, despite contributing to the reduction of local and distance ischemic events, presents as an adverse event the bleeding, hence the importance of assessing these factors before a surgical procedure. The present study allowed us to review and capture the perioperative considerations of the use of antiplatelet agents as part of thrombotic treatment in patients with CVD. The research design that was carried out is documentary or bibliographic. It was among the main factors to be evaluated in the decision to suspend or maintain the antiplatelet treatment, the time of evolution until the intervention, the type of presentation, the clinical characteristics of the patient and the treatment to be performed. Also, depending on the combination of these factors, they classify thrombotic risk as high, moderate or low. Suggestions and / or procedures for the perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy are basically based on expert opinions, as well as randomized studies, which is why discrepancies between some guidelines can now be found. However, there are general recommendations and the careful and special consideration of each case, being unique, with the purpose of choosing the strategy that benefits the patient most.