Tratamiento de la osteoporosis postmenopáusica

Abstract

RESUMENEl tratamiento de la osteoporosis en mujeres postmenopáusicas consiste en medidas farmacológicas y no farmacológicas. La terapia hormonal sustitutiva hasta épocas recientes era considerada una terapia de primera línea para la prevención de la osteoporosis postmenopáusica. Sin embargo, los datos derivados del estudio Women´s Health Initiative (WHI) revelaron que el tratamiento combinado estrógenos-progestáge-nos no reduce el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria sino que además aumenta el riesgo de cáncer de mama, ictus y eventos tromboembólicos venosos. Por este motivo actualmente el tratamiento de elección de la osteoporosis postmenopáusica lo constituyen otros agentes antiresortivos.Palabras clave. Osteoporosis postmenopáusica. Tratamiento. Bifosfonatos. Raloxifeno. Calcitonina. ABSTRACTPrevention and treatment of osteoporosis consists of non-drug and drug therapy. This review of the topic will provide an overview of the approach to therapy of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. In the past, estrogen replacement was considered a primary therapy for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. However, data from the Women´s Health Initiative (WHI) revealed that estrogen-progestine therapy does not reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, and increases the risk of breast cancer, stroke, and venous thromboembolic events. As a result of these findings, other antiresorptive agents are now the drugs of choice for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.