Trauma, alcohol and drugs misuse in car and motorcycle drivers: a prevalence study in a level one trauma center

Renzi, Federica; Reitano, Elisa; Davanzo, Franca; Chiara, Osvaldo; Cimbanassi, Stefania

doi:10.1007/s13304-021-01131-2

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…One study found that patients who consumed alcohol or drugs had higher severity and a greater prevalence of serious head injuries; however, there was no impact of these substances on the death of wounded patients engaged in car accidents [ 48 ]. On the contrary, our study found that there was a high probability that the patient had a positive UDS in the event of a fatal MVA, supporting the view that driving under the influence of alcohol and/or psychoactive substances increases the risk of serious, even fatal MVAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among Trauma Patients in Rural West Virginia

Mansoor¹,

Goncalves²,

Lakhani³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background: Substance abuse poses considerable clinical, economic, and social challenges. West Virginia is hailed as the epicenter of the substance abuse in the United States, the prevalence and pattern of different trauma mechanisms in a rural context or in patients with different forms of substance abuse remain unclear.Objective: We performed the following analysis to understand the prevalence of substance abuse in patients with different trauma mechanisms in the rural setting with high substance abuse in the West Virginia.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional retrospective analysis of adult trauma patients (motor vehicle, fall, assault, firearm suicide, brawl/rape and machinery) hospitalized in two tertiary care hospitals in West Virginia between 2006 and 2016. We identified all patients who had a urine drug screen (UDS) test and extracted the data related to the substance and trauma.Results: Among 8734 patients screened using UDS, 5940 (68.1%) patients were tested positive for the substance. Opiates, alcohol, benzodiazepines, and cannabis were the four most common substances identified in trauma victims. In all instances, the prescribed drug was less than 20%. Fatal outcome was observed in 366 patients in the sample, with 44% (n=162) testing positive for UDS, 12% (n=45) testing positive for only alcohol, and 15% (n=56) testing positive for both alcohol and UDS. Regarding the trauma mechanism, the motor vehicle accident (MVA) was the most prominent with a clear association of substance abuse with fatal outcome. Conclusion:The most prevalent trauma mechanism was a MVA, with a strong link between drug usage and mortality. Due to the high incidence of positive substance abuse screens, UDS tests may need to be more widely implemented in trauma in the West Virginia region. The findings of this study might help in establishing regional or national policies to reduce acute substance abuse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Substance Abuse Among Trauma Patients in Rural West Virginia

Mansoor¹,

Goncalves²,

Lakhani³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Acute liver injury is defined as severe acute necrosis of hepatic cells, mostly due to liver trauma or acute liver failure, but it is also one of the most common complications of sepsis [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Approximately 10% of abdominal trauma involves liver parenchyma [ 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Perspectives on Radiomics in Acute Liver Injury and Liver Trauma

Brunese,

Avella,

Cappuccio

et al. 2024

JPM

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Background: Acute liver injury occurs most frequently due to trauma, but it can also occur because of sepsis or drug-induced injury. This review aims to analyze artificial intelligence (AI)’s ability to detect and quantify liver injured areas in adults and pediatric patients. Methods: A literature analysis was performed on the PubMed Dataset. We selected original articles published from 2018 to 2023 and cohorts with ≥10 adults or pediatric patients. Results: Six studies counting 564 patients were collected, including 170 (30%) children and 394 adults. Four (66%) articles reported AI application after liver trauma, one (17%) after sepsis, and one (17%) due to chemotherapy. In five (83%) studies, Computed Tomography was performed, while in one (17%), FAST-UltraSound was performed. The studies reported a high diagnostic performance; in particular, three studies reported a specificity rate > 80%. Conclusions: Radiomics models seem reliable and applicable to clinical practice in patients affected by acute liver injury. Further studies are required to achieve larger validation cohorts.

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