Trauma and Fracture of the Mandible

Abstract

Background: The mandible is one of the most frequently fractured bones. The objective of this prospective study was to determine and illustrate fracture patterns of the mandible in relation to various etiologic factors. Patients and Methods: A total of 218 patients with mandibular fractures were included in this study. Data regarding age, gender, causes and anatomic sites of fractures and treatment modalities were collected. Conventional plain radiographs of the mandible were obtained in all patients. The plain radiographs included such projections as Towne and Waters in patients suspected of having subcondylar fractures or associated facial fractures. Radiographs were scanned using a high-resolution scanner, and fracture lines were marked. The lines were copied and pasted to a graphic image of the mandible. All fracture lines were confirmed on surgical explorations of the fractures when the patients were under general anesthesia. Results: Traffic accidents (67%) were the most frequent cause of mandibular fractures. 51% of the patients had multiple fractures including fractures of the parasymphysis and angle, which were the most commonly affected sites (33.3%). 49% of the patients had a single fracture. The body of the mandible was the most frequently affected site in these patients (26.2%). Conclusion: Weak points of the mandible and etiologic factors were the determinants of mandibular fracture sites. We speculate that the main determinants of fracture sites were characteristics of the mandible in those fractures caused by motor vehicle accidents, while the other etiologic factors themselves determined the fracture sites for the other types of trauma.

Maxillofacial Injuries at the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana: A Preliminary Study

“…However, it was similarly observed that road traffic crash was the leading cause of the maxillofacial hard tissue injuries that presented at KATH. This was in contrast to a study by Copcu E and colleagues [30] who demonstrated that assault victims had a higher frequency of angle fractures;…”

A retrospective study of 109 dogs with mandibular fractures

“…Fracture morphology depends on the aetiology and patient factors. In humans, patient factors depend mainly on anatomical characteristics like the relative strength of certain regions of the bone, size and shape of the bone, and muscle attachments (4). Fracture morphology also depends on the characteristics of the force such as direction, rate, amount and nature, as well as the spatial relationship of the bone to the force (4).…”

Combined trauma in craniomaxillofacial and orthopedic-traumatological patients: the need for proper interdisciplinary care in trauma units

“…Combined craniomaxillofacial (CMF) and orthopedictraumatological (OT) injuries are common and pose a challenge to traumatological teams in the emergency unit. These injuries predominantly result from assaults and high energy traumata like traffic accidents [1][2][3][4][5].…”