Trauma and Very Young Children

Jonson‐Reid, Melissa; Wideman, Ellie

doi:10.1016/j.chc.2017.02.004

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…173 Through techniques such as reinforcing positive backand-forth interactions between a parent and a child (serve and return), helping the caregiver to understand the child's experience (keeping the child's mind in mind), helping the children to learn words to describe a variety of emotions, and promoting self-reflection concerning the caregiver's own trauma history, the pediatric clinician can render primary prevention against the development of anxious and maladaptive attachment patterns and promote regulation. 82,174 Examples of relevant anticipatory guidance include advice, resources, or referrals to community programs, including Reach Out and Read [175][176][177] ; developmentally appropriate play with others [178][179][180] ; promoting positive, authoritative (in contrast to punitive or authoritarian) parenting styles [181][182][183] ; and mindfulness. [184][185][186] Table 7 includes specific advice to promote regulation after trauma.…”

Section: Sharing the Diagnosis With Children And Caregiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma-Informed Care

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most children will experience some type of trauma during childhood, and many children suffer from significant adversities. Research in genetics, neuroscience, and epidemiology all provide evidence that these experiences have effects at the molecular, cellular, and organ level, with consequences on physical, emotional, developmental, and behavioral health across the life span. Trauma-informed care translates that science to inform and improve pediatric care and outcomes. To practically address trauma and promote resilience, pediatric clinicians need tools to assess childhood trauma and adversity experiences as well as practical guidance, resources, and interventions. In this clinical report, we summarize current, practical advice for rendering traumainformed care across varied medical settings. INTRODUCTIONExperiences in childhood, both positive and negative, have a significant effect on subsequent health, mental health, and developmental trajectories. For many children and adolescents, traumatic experiences are all too common. Almost one-half of American children, or 34 million younger than 18 years, have faced at least 1 potentially traumatic early childhood experience. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Such traumas may include those originating outside the home, such as community violence, natural disasters, unintentional injuries, terrorism, immigrant or refugee traumas (including detention, discrimination, 6,8,9 or racism), and/or those involving the caregiving relationship, such as intimate partner violence, parental substance use, parental mental illness, caregiver death, separation from a caregiver, neglect, or abuse, originally defined as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). 10 For many children, medical events, such as injury, medical procedures, and/or invasive medical treatments, can be traumatic. Given the robust science explaining the physiologic consequences of accumulated trauma experiences on the brain and body, [11][12][13][14] there have been calls for pediatric clinicians to address childhood trauma and child traumatic stress. 10,14-16 However,

show abstract

Section: Sharing the Diagnosis With Children And Caregiversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma-Informed Care

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other researchers such as Hibel et al (2011) also identified early maternal sensitivity as buffering the impact of exposure to violence in toddlers. Frequent activation of the body’s stress response system (hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis) leads to inappropriate amounts of adrenaline and cortisol in the young child and can lead to structural changes in the child’s brain ( Jonson-Reid & Widerman, 2017 ), In a study by Hibel et al (2011) , dysregulation in cortisol levels first appeared in toddlers exposed to accumulated levels of violence at age of 24 months, but early maternal sensitivity appeared to buffer this impact.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic literature review of protective factors mitigating intimate partner violence exposure on early childhood health outcomes

Spearman

Hoppe

Jagasia

2023

Journal of Advanced Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim:The objective of this integrative review was to critically synthesize the evidence on protective factors in early childhood that buffer the effects of exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on young children's health outcomes. Methods: Studies were eligible for inclusion in this review if the article was (a) in English, (b) title or abstract discussed protective factors, buffering, resilience or mitigating factors in early childhood for young children who experienced IPV. Results: A total of 23 articles of 492 manuscripts identified from the search from peer-reviewed journals from 2010 to 2022 were included. Individual-level protective factors for young children exposed to IPV and include emotional self-regulation, child temperament and child self-esteem. Family-level protective factors were maternal physical and mental health; warm, responsive parenting; knowledge of child development; socioeconomic advantage; caregiver employment; and maternal education. Conclusion:The results of this integrative review highlight the critical importance of a dyadic approach to early childhood intervention. Health and legal systems should not only focus solely on pathology of family violence but also conceptualize treatment and courses of action from a strength-based perspective in order to empower victims of IPV, and promote the safety, health and well-being of children. Future research should examine the role of system-level protective factors.Impact: This review adds to the growing body of the evidence of positive relational health as a key social determinant of health for children. This will be foundational to design interventions that shield children from further harm and promote health, flourishing and recovery from violence and trauma.

show abstract

“…Although trauma exposure is found among multiple ACEs, it is important to note that not all ACEs are considered to be traumatic (Jonson-Reid & Wideman, 2017). A traumatic event is defined as a frightening, dangerous, or violent event that poses a threat to a child's life or bodily integrity (National Child Traumatic Stress Network [NCTSN], 2018).…”

Section: Adverse Childhood Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working with young children living in stressful environments.

Hughes¹,

Quinn²

2020

Healthy Development in Young Children: Evidence-Based Interventions for Early Education.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

M ental health and well-being are characterized by quality relationships, a satisfied sense of self, the ability to engage meaningfully in society, and the ability to cope with setbacks and daily challenges (Alegría, Green, McLaughlin, & Loder, 2015). Children develop these characteristics and skills through family relationships and social traditions. Later on, educators become primary partners with parents supporting children's social-emotional development with the purpose of developing resilient and academically able learners. For children living in stressful environments, development can be delayed or disrupted. Unmitigated distress can result in longstanding health and mental health problems. As such, it is important that skilled adults identify and respond to young children's needs during these early years. This chapter describes the impact of distress on child development as well as provides recommendations for parents, preschool educators, and early intervention providers. MENTAL HEALTHChildren develop positive mental health and well-being as a response to their life experiences in combination with their ability to manage and benefit from these experiences. Variations in personal attributes, including temperament and emotional, social, and cognitive development, also influence mental health and well-being. Several factors are reported to promote positive mental health development regardless of cultural background (e.g., positive and nurturing

show abstract

Trauma and Very Young Children

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Trauma-Informed Care

Trauma-Informed Care

A systematic literature review of protective factors mitigating intimate partner violence exposure on early childhood health outcomes

Working with young children living in stressful environments.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About