Trauma characteristics and sleep impairment among trauma-exposed children

Wamser‐Nanney, Rachel; Chesher, Rebecca E.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.11.020

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Such studies may shed light on potential moderating effects of trauma type (e.g., interpersonal vs. accidental) and onset/course of traumatization (e.g., acute vs. chronic). Indeed, cross-sectional studies indicate that sleep disturbances are particularly pronounced after chronic interpersonal trauma (Belleville, Dubé-Frenette, & Rousseau, 2019;Brown, Akeeb, & Mellman, 2015;Grossman et al, 2019;Wamser-Nanney & Chesher, 2018), which could be associated with a greater impact on memory processing and intrusive re-experiencing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of sleep on explicit and implicit memory for potential trauma reminders: findings from an analogue study

Sopp

Brueckner

Schäfer

et al. 2019

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Recent findings suggest that disruptions of sleep-related memory processing are involved in the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms. More specifically, exposure to an analogue traumatic event resulted in fewer intrusive memories, when it was followed by sleep instead of continued wakefulness. However, competing evidence suggests that sleep deprivation may reduce intrusive re-experiencing. To address these conflicting accounts, we examined how sleepas opposed to partial sleep deprivationmodulates explicit and implicit trauma memory using an analogue procedure. Methods: Healthy participants (N = 41) were assigned to a Sleep or Partial sleep deprivation group. Prior to nocturnal sleep, both groups were exposed to "traumatic" picture stories. After sleep or partial sleep deprivation, participants were subjected to tests of explicit and implicit memory for potential trauma reminders. Thereafter, participants completed an intrusion triggering task that was embedded in a distractor task. Results: Analyses revealed higher explicit memory for potential trauma reminders after sleep as compared to partial sleep deprivation. No group differences were found for implicit memory. Participants responded with fewer intrusions after sleep than following partial sleep deprivation. Conclusions: The current findings support a protective role of sleep in trauma memory processing, which may be evident after the first night of sleep post-trauma. Although more research is needed, our results corroborate the importance of promoting restful sleep in trauma-exposed individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of sleep on explicit and implicit memory for potential trauma reminders: findings from an analogue study

Sopp

Brueckner

Schäfer

et al. 2019

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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“…Anxiety disorder alone was not associated with these parameters in a recent paper in a peri‐pubertal population . This is consistent with clinical practice: children who are fearful often have more difficulty initiating sleep and can stay awake for long periods at night . The assessment of trauma and fear in children with disabilities is challenging but may be necessary as children who have experienced domestic violence or abusive situations can find settling to sleep challenging.…”

Section: Managing Common Sleep Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in children with neurodevelopmental difficulties

Heussler

2018

J Paediatrics Child Health

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Sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders are complex and reflect underlying genetic/biological and behavioural components. The sleep disorders are the same as in the typically developing child, although there may be some modifications to the presentation or the frequency depending on the phenotype. Consideration of the known phenotypes and environmental issues are important in defining management strategies. Despite this complexity, defined behavioural strategies with good sleep hygiene can have a significant effect on the sleep problem and on parental management of the behaviours.

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“…Furthermore, mistreatment at an early age has a greater negative impact: increased anxiety, depressive disorders, aggressiveness and withdrawn behavior, suicidal thinking and/or intention, eating disorders, sleep disorders (SDs) and behavioral problems such as bullying and rule-breaking habits (4,(6)(7)(8)(9). It is important to highlight that the violence must also be identified according to emotional or nutritional deprivation as well as reports of developmental failures, weight changes and schooling problems (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, several studies have reported SDs in children who were exposed to trauma, especially in those who have experienced child violence ranging from 16% to 40% of occurrence. About 20% to 30% of children have experienced nightmares and 20% to 43% have difficulty sleeping (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between sleep disorders and child violence assessed in Southern Brazil

Bertoletti

Scarpa

Costa³

et al. 2021

Sci Med

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Aims: identifying sleep disorders (SDs) in children who experienced child maltreatment.Methods: the study evaluated the sleep pattern of 123 children (from 2 to 10 years old), who received assistance with child maltreatment, based on the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) – applied in a medical consultation after confirmation of the veracity of the child’s report of a violation. The study applied the questionnaire to children seen by doctors in the sector for 11 months.Results: among the children evaluated, 66.7% had SDs. The sample profile was predominantly female (59.3%) and aged between 4 and 7 years old (48.8%). Physical violence was found in 40.7% of the children, in addition to sexual (35.8%), psychological (24.4%), negligence (14.6%) and other types of violence (OTV) (4.5%). SDs are significantly associated with sexual, psychological and OTV (p=0.016). Regarding the subscales, there was a significant difference between the age groups in the bedtime resistance (BR) factor score (p=0.033). The BR characteristic typifies sexual, psychological and OTV. Sleep anxiety (SA) typifies more psychological, sexual and OTV. Night awakenings (NAs) typify psychological, sexual and physical violence. According to the type of violence, significant differences were found in SA (p=0.039), NAs (p=0.026) and BR (p=0.004).Conclusions: the outcomes highlight the association between SDs and child maltreatment. Certain types of violence have a greater negative impact on children’s sleep and correlate with specific SD.

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Trauma characteristics and sleep impairment among trauma-exposed children

Cited by 43 publications

References 58 publications

Differential effects of sleep on explicit and implicit memory for potential trauma reminders: findings from an analogue study

Differential effects of sleep on explicit and implicit memory for potential trauma reminders: findings from an analogue study

Sleep in children with neurodevelopmental difficulties

Association between sleep disorders and child violence assessed in Southern Brazil

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