Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Alcohol-Use Initiation in Children

Wu, Ping; Bird, Héctor R.; Liu, Xinhua; Duarte, Cristiane S.; Fan, Bin; Shen, Sa; Canino, Glorisa

doi:10.15288/jsad.2010.71.326

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…One focused on depressive symptoms (Wu et al 2006) and another on trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (Wu et al 2010). Our study adds to the previous articles by focusing on the timing of initiation of alcohol use, specifically, early (by age 14) initiation, a strong indicator of future risk (DeWit et al 2000), by considering childhood adversities in the context of multiple and cumulative risks, and by examining the role of gender and sociocultural context in these associations.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Adversity and Early Initiation of Alcohol Use in Two Representative Samples of Puerto Rican Youth

Ramos‐Olazagasti

Bird

Canino

et al. 2016

J Youth Adolescence

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Early alcohol use is associated with multiple negative outcomes later in life, including substance use disorders. Identification of factors related to this very early risk indicator can help inform early prevention efforts. This study prospectively examined the relationship between childhood adversities and early initiation of alcohol use (by age 14) among Puerto Rican youth, the Latino subgroup at highest risk for alcohol use disorders in adulthood. The data come from the Boricua Youth Study, a longitudinal study of Puerto Rican youth in two sites (South Bronx, New York and the standard metropolitan area of San Juan, Puerto Rico). We focus on youth who were ages 10 and older at Wave 1 [Mage at Wave 1 (SE) = 11.64(0.05), N = 1,259, 48.85% females]. Twelve childhood adversities were measured at Wave 1 and include 10 adverse childhood experiences commonly studied and two additional ones (exposure to violence and discrimination) that were deemed relevant for this study’s population. Early initiation of alcohol use was determined based on youth report at Waves 1 through 3 (each wave one year apart). Cox proportional hazards models showed that, when considered individually, adversities reflecting child maltreatment, parental maladjustment, and sociocultural stressors were related to early initiation of alcohol use. Significant gender interactions were identified for parental emotional problems and exposure to violence, with associations found among girls only. Adversities often co-occurred, and when they were considered jointly, physical and emotional abuse, parental antisocial personality, and exposure to violence had independent associations with early alcohol use, with a stronger influence of exposure to violence in girls compared to boys. The accumulation of adversities, regardless of the specific type of exposure, increased the risk for starting to drink at a young age in a linear way. The associations between childhood adversities and early alcohol use were generally consistent across sociocultural contexts, in spite of differences in the prevalence of exposure to adversity. Our findings highlight the importance of targeting multiple adversities and expanding the notion of adversity to capture the experiences of specific groups more adequately.

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Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Adversity and Early Initiation of Alcohol Use in Two Representative Samples of Puerto Rican Youth

Ramos‐Olazagasti

Bird

Canino

et al. 2016

J Youth Adolescence

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“…------IJADR 1(1) ------80 & Randall, 2003;Morris, Stewart, & Ham, 2005;Schneier et al, 2010;Zimmermann et al, 2003), posttraumatic stress disorder or symptoms (Blume, Resor, Villanueva, & Braddy, 2009;Jacobson et al, 2008;McDevitt-Murphy et al, 2010), physical pain (Lawton & Simpson, 2009;Moos, Brennan, Schutte, & Moos, 2010;Riley & King, 2009), cumulative experience with stressful life events (Aseltine & Gore, 2000;Dawson, Grant, & Ruan, 2005;Lloyd & Turner, 2008), after-effects of military combat (Jacobsen et al, 2008;Šakušić et al, 2009;Wilk et al, 2010), after-effects of disasters and terrorism (Boscarino, Adams, & Galea, 2006;Grieger, Fullerton, Ursano, & Reeves, 2003;Hasin, Keyes, Hatzenbuehler, Aharonovich, & Alderson, 2007), after-effects of childhood trauma (Sarin & NolenHoeksema, 2010;Wilsnack, Wilsnack, Kristjanson, Vogeltanz-Holm, & Harris, 2004;Wu et al, 2010), after-effects of assault and criminal victimization (Kaysen et al, 2007;Ullman, Filipas, Townsend, & Starzynski, 2005;Vaughn et al, 2010) and chronic negative emotions arising for other reasons (Costanzo et al, 2007;Dorfman, Trokel, Lincoln, & Mehta, 2010;Witkiewitz & Villarroel, 2009). Links between chronic stress and chronic drinking patterns are found more consistently than links between acute but time-limited stress and immediate drinking responses (Armeli, Todd, & Mohr, 2005;Helzer, Badger, Searles, Rose, & Mongeon, 2006;Skaff, Finney, & Moos, 1999; but see also …”

Section: Ijadr International Journal Of Alcohol and Drug Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distress and drinking: Cross-cultural connections and contexts

Wilsnack¹,

Kristjanson²,

Wilsnack³

et al. 2013

IJADR

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Aims: Research on how distress is related to drinking has paid relatively little attention to gender and to cultural differences. This study examines how distress is associated with men's and women's drinking cross-culturally.Design: Cross-sectional survey.Setting/Participants: Surveys of 30,728 women and 24,204 men in 22 countries of the GENACIS project (Gender, Alcohol and Culture: An International Study) provided data on how women's and men's mental, interpersonal and work-situational distress are related to their drinking patterns. Measurements:Analyses examined correlations within surveys, and used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to take into account economic development, abstinence rates and distress levels in the populations surveyed. Findings:We found few associations of drinking patterns with reported stressful work situations. Mental and interpersonal distress had more frequent but geographically scattered associations with men's and women's drinking, particularly with quantities consumed. HLM analyses confirmed cross-culturally that drinking tended to increase with psychological and interpersonal distress, but the societal-level variables had few effects.Conclusions: Distress measures in GENACIS surveys were positively though not powerfully associated with both women's and men's drinking cross-culturally, associations not attributable to societal-level characteristics. The findings indicate a need for better cross-cultural information about the processes by which distress may lead to heavier drinking.For over 50 years, hundreds of scholars have tried to learn how distress is connected to drinking. From all their efforts, one conclusion is certain: sometimes emotional and physical distress are associated with heavier drinking and increased risks of alcohol problems and alcohol disorders. However, after much time and effort, it is still not clear how or when or where or why distress and drinking are connected. Here we briefly review some of the more common findings from recent research, and then offer more information about where distress and drinking occur together and how gender may affect the connections.A basic hypothesis about stress and alcohol is that for people who drink, the effects of alcohol seem to help them deal with unpleasant feelings resulting from stressful experiences. Evidence consistent with this hypothesis has been found in a wide variety of circumstances, in those who suffer from social anxiety disorder or symptoms (Carrigan IJADR

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“…The diagnosis of PTSD involves experiencing symptoms in three areas in response to a traumatic event: 1) intrusive thoughts that involve a re-experiencing of the trauma, 2) persistent avoidance of trauma-related stimuli or emotional numbing, and 3) persistent symptoms of increased physiological arousal (American Psychiatric Association 2000). Previous researchers have established associations between childhood maltreatment history and PTSD/PTSS in adolescence (e.g., Kingston and Raghavan 2009) and between PTSD/PTSS and substance use (e.g., Lubman et al 2007), with prospective investigations postulating that PTSD/PTSS in most cases precedes substance use (Wu et al 2010). Lipschitz et al (2003) found that within a sample of inner-city adolescents, PTSS predicted substance use, with PTSS being identified as preceding substance use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Substance Use Among Adolescents Involved with Child Welfare: Implications for Emerging Adulthood

Goldstein

Wekerle

Thornton

et al. 2011

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in predicting substance use and substance-related problems in a sample of older youth and emerging adults involved with child welfare. The sample was drawn from the Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathways (MAP) longitudinal study ). Participants were 253 youth and emerging adults (ages 15-20; M=16.87, SD=1.04; 61.4% female and 38.6% male) who were involved with child welfare. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of PTSS using subscales from the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children (TSCC; Briere 1996). Outcome variables were past year alcohol, marijuana and illicit drug use; as well as alcohol and drug problems. Controlling for gender, age, child welfare status and child maltreatment, both dissociation and anger emerged as significant predictors of substance use and related problems. The implications of these findings for older youth and emerging adults exiting the child welfare system are discussed.The maltreatment of children is an international public health concern, with clear and significant consequences for maltreatment survivors throughout the lifespan. Definitions of Int

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Trauma, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Alcohol-Use Initiation in Children

Cited by 29 publications

References 56 publications

Childhood Adversity and Early Initiation of Alcohol Use in Two Representative Samples of Puerto Rican Youth

Childhood Adversity and Early Initiation of Alcohol Use in Two Representative Samples of Puerto Rican Youth

Distress and drinking: Cross-cultural connections and contexts

The Relationship Between Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms and Substance Use Among Adolescents Involved with Child Welfare: Implications for Emerging Adulthood

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