Traumatic brain injury among refugees and asylum seekers

McPherson, Jacob I

doi:10.1080/09638288.2017.1422038

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Refugees’ higher odds of presenting with concussion or organ system injury noted in this study may be traced to the severe injuries occurring at construction sites, and result from such things as falling from a height. Higher prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been previously documented in refugee populations [ 18 ] in Denmark and the United Kingdom, leading to severe outcomes and long term disabilities [ 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical trauma and injury: A multi-center study comparing local residents and refugees in Lebanon

et al. 2021

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Background Refugees are susceptible to various types of injury mechanisms associated with their dire living conditions and settlements. This study aims to compare and characterize the emergency department admissions due to physical trauma and injuries among local residents and refugees in greater Beirut. Methods This epidemiological study analyzes injury incidence and characteristics of patients presenting to Emergency Departments of 5 sentinel hospitals between 2017 and 2019. Using the WHO Injury Surveillance Guidelines and Pan-Asia Trauma Outcomes Study form, an injury data surveillance form was designed and used in hospital settings to collect data on injuries. Chi-square test analysis was performed to compare differences in injury characteristics between local residents and refugees. Regression models were constructed to assess the effect of being a refugee on the characteristics of injuries and outcomes of interest. Results A total of 4847 injuries (3933 local residents and 914 refugees) were reported. 87.4% of the total injuries among refugees were sustained by the younger age groups 0-45 years compared to 68.8% among local residents. The most prevalent injury mechanism was fall (39.4%) for locals and road traffic injury (31.5%) for refugees. The most injured body part was extremities for both populations (78.2% and 80.1%). Injuries mostly occurred at home or its vicinity (garden or inside the camp) for both populations (29.3% and 23.1%). Refugees sustained a higher proportion of injuries at work (6%) compared to locals (1.3%). On multivariate analysis, refugee status was associated with higher odds of having an injury due to a stab/gunshot (odds ratio (OR) = 3.392, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.605-4.416), having a concussion injury (OR = 1.718, 95% CI = 1.151-2.565), and being injured at work (OR = 4.147, 95% CI = 2.74-6.278). Refugee status was associated with increased odds of leaving the hospital with injury-related disability (OR = 2.271, 95% CI = 1.891-2.728)] Conclusions Injury remains a major public health problem among resident and refugee communities in Beirut, Lebanon. Refugees face several injury-related vulnerabilities, which adversely affect their treatment outcomes and long-term disabilities. The high prevalence of occupational and violence-related injuries among refugees necessitates the introduction of targeted occupational safety and financial security interventions, aiming at reducing injuries while enhancing social justice among residents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Refugee status represents a pivotal determinant in increasing individual exposure to injuries, particularly throughout their journey and settlements [ 17 , 18 ]. Review of existing literature demonstrates a discrepancy in the frequency and nature of injuries sustained by refugees compared to local residents [ 4 , 19 - 24 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical trauma and injury: A multi-center study comparing local residents and refugees in Lebanon

et al. 2021

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“…41 Surveys of traumatic brain injuries among refugees and internally displaced people suggest those are similarly caused by landmines and explosive devices, and are further associated with mental health concerns. 42 Some single-conflict studies attempt enumeration of physical injuries, and include injuries sustained by both combatants and non-combatants. 43,44 However, composite evidence about the burden of conflict-related physical injuries is lacking at this time.…”

Section: Non-fatal Physical Injuries and Disabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of armed conflict on the health of women and children

et al. 2021

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“…20 Although studies have tried to identify the causes of traumatic brain injury and recognized TBI as a significant cause of morbidity but the details are restricted by paucity of published data and further most of these studies are restricted to single center studies. 26 Many studies have highlighted that TBI is related to long-term neuropsychiatric sequel [27][28][29][30] however exact burden and spectrum is lacking and also the need of the patients in refugee population is not assessed. Studies have further highlighted, refugee patients population usually prefer to use emergency services instead of regular outpatient's services, as these are easily available, affordable and accessible.…”

Section: Injury Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of traumatic brain injury in refugee population: unmet need of care and gaps in knowledge

Deora¹,

Agrawal²,

Pal³

et al. 2019

roneuro

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Background and objectives. Due to marked increase in violence, the world is facing problem of refugee population either as a source of refugee population or shelter provider. These refugee population is exposed to prolonged physical and emotional distress over years, may result into spectrum of neuropsychiatric disease conditions including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Although trauma is one of the major events faced by refugee population, the exact details of the injuries still not documented and there is paucity of published literature; further these injuries may be recorded as unspecified. Methods. The present article is intended to provide a theoretical overview of existing knowledge and gaps on trauma and injuries in the refugee population. Authors analysed all relevant articles available on PubMed and Medline using the keywords: “Refugee”, “Traumatic Brian Injury”, “Head Injury”. Results. There is a gap in knowledge for this particular demographic population. They suffer a wide range of physical and emotional to social traumatic events. The most common cause of head injury was assault; however, motor vehicle accidents were less prevalent, and there is an ongoing struggle for resources to fulfil basic needs leading to health care taking a backseat. There is high prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Many of the refugees are settled in relative economically poorer countries which further add to the burden of a nation already besotted with internal requirements. There is a need for international collaboration to tackle unique problem. Conclusion. Authors recommend urgent need to handle the root causes responsible for the generation of refugee population and at the same time it is necessary to identify the epidemiology, patterns, management challenges and consequences of injuries and barriers to seek and provide care in refugee population.

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Traumatic brain injury among refugees and asylum seekers

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Physical trauma and injury: A multi-center study comparing local residents and refugees in Lebanon

Physical trauma and injury: A multi-center study comparing local residents and refugees in Lebanon

The effects of armed conflict on the health of women and children

Burden of traumatic brain injury in refugee population: unmet need of care and gaps in knowledge

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