Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder

Yule, William; Perrin, Sean; Smith, Patrick

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511663239.010

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The risk of the negative psychosocial effects of the pandemic on the psychological well-being of young individuals has been highlighted ( 27 , 28 ). The majority of children and adolescents exposed to traumatic events develop short-term psychological distress ( 29 ); however, in some, particularly in those living in families facing a prolonged complex and stressful situation, symptoms do not remit spontaneously and instead become clinically significant, persistent and impairing ( 30 ).…”

Section: Covid-19 Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder In Children And Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‑19 and post‑traumatic stress disorder: The perfect ‘storm’ for mental health (Review)

et al. 2021

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Since its outbreak, in December, 2019, in the Chinese city of Wuhan, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has evolved into an ongoing global pandemic. Due to the novel antigenic properties of this virus, the world population could not develop immunity effectively and this led to the subsequent spread of COVID-19. This caused an unprecedented emergency situation with significant negative effects on health and well-being both on an individual and societal level. Apart from health, economic and social consequences, the impact of this pandemic on mental health is increasingly being reported in the scientific literature. The present review aimed to provide a comprehensive discussion of the possible neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of SARS-CoV-2, together with the related underlying molecular pathways. In addition, the present review focused on populations which are at a higher risk of developing psychiatric disturbances due to the COVID-19 pandemic and discussed possible routes of clinical management and therapeutics to minimize the burden associated with psychiatric disorders. Moreover, research findings exploring the prevalence of COVID-19-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms across vulnerable groups, including children, adolescents and COVID-19 survivors are presented, with particular emphasis on those with severe disease who required hospitalization and/or intensive care unit admission. Based on the available literature, the identification of potential determinants associated with PTSD across the different populations is underlined. Lessons learnt from the pandemics across the globe together with the ongoing research on COVID-19 and its impact on mental health, highlight the utmost importance for evidence-based, proactive and targeted interventions in high-risk groups aiming to mitigate the risks and manage vulnerabilities.

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Section: Covid-19 Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder In Children And Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‑19 and post‑traumatic stress disorder: The perfect ‘storm’ for mental health (Review)

et al. 2021

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“…Not surprisingly, people who experience serious loss, disruption, injury, or the death of a loved one following a traumatic event tend to show more severe psychological distress than do those who suffer fewer consequences (Hobfoll, Canetti-Nisim, and Johnson 2006; Katz et al 2002; Pfefferbaum 1997; Yule, Perrin, and Smith 2001). Yet, terrorism is deliberately aimed at inducing psychological distress as well among individuals who were indirectly exposed to the attacks, even if they personally did not suffer any tangible losses.…”

Section: Literature Review Research Hypotheses and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Stress-Based Model of Political Extremism

Canetti–Nisim

Halperin

Sharvit

et al. 2009

Journal of Conflict Resolution

274

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Does exposure to terrorism lead to hostility toward minorities? Drawing on theories from clinical and social psychology, we propose a stress-based model of political extremism in which psychological distress—which is largely overlooked in political scholarship—and threat perceptions mediate the relationship between exposure to terrorism and attitudes toward minorities. To test the model, a representative sample of 469 Israeli Jewish respondents was interviewed on three occasions at six-month intervals. Structural Equation Modeling indicated that exposure to terrorism predicted psychological distress (t1), which predicted perceived threat from Palestinian citizens of Israel (t2), which, in turn, predicted exclusionist attitudes toward Palestinian citizens of Israel (t3). These findings provide solid evidence and a mechanism for the hypothesis that terrorism introduces nondemocratic attitudes threatening minority rights. It suggests that psychological distress plays an important role in political decision making and should be incorporated in models drawing upon political psychology.

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“…Studies have suggested that children and adolescents who are exposed to ongoing war and violent conditions are at high risk of suffering from developmental impairments, depression, behavioral and functional disturbances, distress‐related psychiatric symptomatology and health problems (Baker & Shaloub‐Kerkovian, 1999; Cicchetti, Toth, & Lynch, 1993; Gabarino & Dubrow, 1996; Kinzie, Sack, Angell, Masson, & Rath, 1986; Koplewicz et al, 2002; Laor, Wolmer, & Choen, 2001; Pat‐Horenczyk, 2005; Trappler & Friedman, 1996; Yule, Perrin, & Smith, 2001).…”

Section: Enhancing Resiliency Among Students Experiencing Stress (Ermentioning

confidence: 99%

A school‐based, teacher‐mediated prevention program (ERASE‐Stress) for reducing terror‐related traumatic reactions in Israeli youth: a quasi‐randomized controlled trial

Gelkopf

Berger²

2009

Child Psychology Psychiatry

144

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Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

COVID‑19 and post‑traumatic stress disorder: The perfect ‘storm’ for mental health (Review)

COVID‑19 and post‑traumatic stress disorder: The perfect ‘storm’ for mental health (Review)

A New Stress-Based Model of Political Extremism

A school‐based, teacher‐mediated prevention program (ERASE‐Stress) for reducing terror‐related traumatic reactions in Israeli youth: a quasi‐randomized controlled trial

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