Traumatically induced bifid mandibular condyle: a report of two cases

Bifid condyle secondary to traumatic condylar fracture

“…By contrast, Thomason and Yusuf have suggested prior trauma as a cause as they described two cases of traumatic condyle 148 fracture (bicycle accident) with subsequent unilateral formation of bifid condyles. [2,13] This seems to confirm the conclusion of Walker and Poswillo, after experiments with Macaca monkeys, that bifid condyle can result from trauma [2,14,15]. However, there is no information concerning the age up to which condylar remodeling subsequent to condylar fracture and bifid condyle can occur [3].…”

Bifid mandibular condyle.

“…In comparative studies by both Loh and Yeo5 and by Antoniades et aI6 the majority of cases in living subjects have had no history of trauma or complaints associated with the joints. 19 2 Hovinga 20 1 Stadnicki 18 1 Lund 15 1 Lysell and Oberg 21 1 Farmand 22 1 Forman and Smith 23 2 Hüls et al 24 1 Balciunas 25 1 Quayle and Adams 26 1 Thomason and Yusuf 7 2 Gundlach et al 13 4 Shaber 27 1 Zohar and Laurian 28 1 McCormick et al 29 3 Sahm and Witt 30 1* To 32 1 Loh and Yeo 5 3 Sahm et al 3i _* Phillips and Delzer 34 1 Antoniades et al 6 1 Fields and Frederiksen 35 1 Wu 36 2»* Wu et α/ 14 _** Kahl et α/ 37 1 Present case 1 * Same patient. ** These appear to be the same cases Two cases related to trauma, resulted in distinct condylar head formation during the healing period, with the separate heads arranged in an antero-posterior relationship.…”

“…** These appear to be the same cases Two cases related to trauma, resulted in distinct condylar head formation during the healing period, with the separate heads arranged in an antero-posterior relationship. 7 Experiments conducted on Macaca rhesus monkeys have demonstrated the regenerative capacity of the condyle following induced fractures. 8,9 Such work by Poswillo 9 resulted in a bifid condyle but its orientation was not stated.…”

Tetrafid mandibular condyle: a unique case report and review of the literature

“…However, the most suitable theory is that it is of traumatic origin. 15,23 Thomason and Yusuf 14 reported two cases of unilateral bifid mandibular condyle subsequent to condylar fracture. Antoniades et al 23 also presented a case of unilateral bifid mandibular condyle which resulted following a sagittal condylar fracture.…”