Travel restrictions hampering COVID-19 response

Devi, Sharmila

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30967-3

Cited by 120 publications

(72 citation statements)

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“…Unlike COVID-19, the AIDS era did not cause a global collapse and lockdowns, as the diseases have very different transmissibility pathways, via respiratory droplets ( Zhu et al 2020 ) and bodily fluids ( Shaw and Hunder 2012 ), respectively. Although transmission seems to be heightened by a potential airborne transmission route relevant for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 ( Setti et al 2020 ), travel bans and restrictions have been widely criticized ( Petersen et al 2020 ), given that they failed to effectively affect the epidemic’s trajectory ( Chinazzi et al 2020 ) when used at random without careful risk assessment ( Devi 2020 ). However, unlike the travel bans for individuals who are COVID-19 positive that are being lifted <4 mo after the initial outbreak, >40 countries still impose travel restrictions on those living with HIV almost 4 decades after the first cases were reported in North America ( UNAIDS 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Parallel in Dentistry from the Perspectives of the Oral Health Care Team

Brondani

Donnelly

2020

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to unravel the professional and social consequences of COVID-19 as compared with the AIDS pandemic according to oral health care providers, staff, and administrators. Methods: An exploratory qualitative inquiry via at-a-distance, semistructured interviews engaged a purposefully recruited sample of oral health care team workers in British Columbia. Interviews took place between April 20 and May 15, 2020; they were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and deidentified for interactive thematic analysis. An inductive process of coding was used to identify themes, subthemes, and categories of information. Results: Forty-five interviews were conducted with 18 dentists, 12 dental hygienists, 6 certified dental assistants, and 9 administrators; 22 were females. Interviews each lasted an average of 48 min. After the transcripts were coded, 3 subthemes emerged: 1) personal protective equipment and universal precautions as commonsense approaches to care during both pandemics; 2) an (un)collapsed world in terms of global lockdowns; and 3) social unrest in terms of the potential for stigma and discrimination caused by both pandemics. These subthemes made up the COVID-19–AIDS parallel theme. Conclusion: This study explored the extent to which the current COVID-19 pandemic is leading to professional and social consequences when a parallel is drawn with the AIDS pandemic. This is the first qualitative study that identifies the potential social unrest of the pandemic from the perspective of oral health care providers and administrators. Future studies should include other providers across Canada, as well the patients receiving oral health care during this pandemic. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The COVID-19 pandemic has unraveled potential societal implications in a parallel to the HIV/AIDS era from the perspectives of oral health care providers and their staff. Such implications are changing the way that oral health care is delivered; it may also be leading to social unrest in the form of stigma and discrimination. This study discusses some of these implications from the perspective of oral health care providers and administrators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Parallel in Dentistry from the Perspectives of the Oral Health Care Team

Brondani

Donnelly

2020

JDR Clinical & Translational Research

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“…The rapid spread of COVID-19 and uncertainty related to the disease have created a great deal of stress and difficult predicaments for the public; this has resulted in the emergence of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety [ 5 ]. Scarcities of medicine and personal protective equipment (eg, antibiotics, masks, alcohol sanitizer) and basic food supplies (eg, cereals and vegetables) during the earliest weeks of the pandemic seriously affected the mental health of the public [ 6 , 7 ]. Recent studies revealed that extensive exposure to COVID-19 pandemic stress can render the public vulnerable to depression [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Psychological-Behavioral Responses Among the General Public in China During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study

Zhang¹,

Yang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has recently spread dramatically worldwide, raising considerable concerns and resulting in detrimental effects on the psychological health of people who are vulnerable to the disease. Therefore, assessment of depression in members of the general public and their psychological and behavioral responses is essential for the maintenance of health. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and the associated factors among the general public during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression.aA cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression. Results The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) among the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic was 182/1342 (13.6%). Regression analysis indicated that feeling stressed, feeling helpless, persistently being worried even with support, never feeling clean after disinfecting, scrubbing hands and items repeatedly, hoarding food, medicine, or daily supplies, and being distracted from work or study were positively associated with depression, while social support and being calm were negatively associated with depression. Conclusions The general public suffered from high levels of depression during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, COVID-19–related mood management and social support should be provided to attenuate depression in the general public.

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“…Thus, travel from the infected cities and regions can reduce the rapid transmission of the COVID-19. Similarly, different nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) (e.g., travel ban, school, and public transport closure, restriction on public gathering, stay-at-home order) imposed by governments can mitigate community transmission of the COVID-19 in the affected regions, which dramatically curtails the mobility of people [5,12,21,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Pandemic Severity, Lockdown Regimes, and People’s Mobility: Evidence from 88 Countries

Rahman

Thill

Paul

2020

Preprint

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This study empirically investigates the complex interplay between the severity of the coronavirus pandemic, mobility changes in retail and recreation, transit stations, workplaces, and residential areas, and lockdown measures in 88 countries of the word. To conduct the study, data on mobility patterns, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of people, lockdown measures, and coronavirus pandemic were collected from multiple sources (e.g., Google, UNDP, UN, BBC, Oxford University, Worldometer). A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique is used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on dependent variables considering the intervening effects of mediators. Results show that lockdown measures have significant effects to encourage people to maintain social distancing. However, pandemic severity and socioeconomic and institutional factors have limited effects to sustain social distancing practice. The results also explain that socioeconomic and institutional factors of urbanity and modernity have significant effects on pandemic severity. Countries with a higher number of elderly people, employment in the service sector, and higher globalization trend are the worst victims of the coronavirus pandemic (e.g., USA, UK, Italy, and Spain). Social distancing measures are reasonably effective at tempering the severity of the pandemic.

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Travel restrictions hampering COVID-19 response

Cited by 120 publications

References 0 publications

The HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Parallel in Dentistry from the Perspectives of the Oral Health Care Team

The HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Parallel in Dentistry from the Perspectives of the Oral Health Care Team

Depression and Psychological-Behavioral Responses Among the General Public in China During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study

COVID-19 Pandemic Severity, Lockdown Regimes, and People’s Mobility: Evidence from 88 Countries

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