Travelling fire in full scale experimental building subjected to open ventilation conditions

Nadjai, Ali; Alam, Naveed; Charlier, Marion; Vassart, Olivier; Franssen, Jean Marck

doi:10.14264/987a305

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A push for open floor plans in the built environment has motivated experimental fire research into fuel-controlled fires at very large-scale geometries recently [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Common to these experiments are porous wood crib fuel beds that are ignited at one end and allowed to freely propagate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burning dynamics and in-depth flame spread of wood cribs in large compartment fires

Gupta

Torero

Hidalgo

2021

Combustion and Flame

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burning dynamics and in-depth flame spread of wood cribs in large compartment fires

Gupta

Torero

Hidalgo

2021

Combustion and Flame

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“…It will then be possible to determine with more confidence the conditions in which a travelling fire may develop, or not, and therefore inform on appropriate fire scenarios to be considered. Experimental campaign launched in the frame of the same project and further CFD analyses are described in (Nadjai et al (2020); Charlier et al (2020)).…”

Section: Discussion and Further Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the influence of steel structure compartment geometry on travelling fires

Charlier

Gamba

Dai

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures

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The response of structures exposed to fire is highly dependent on the type of fire that occurs, which is in turn very dependent on the compartment geometry. In the frame of the European RFCS TRAFIR project, CFD simulations using FDS software were carried out to analyse the influence of compartment geometry and the interaction with representative fuel loads to explore the conditions leading to the development of a travelling fire. The influence observed of ceiling height, crib spacing, and opening geometry in controlling spread rates tend to confirm the possibility to predict the occurrence, or not, of travelling fire. The results of one CFD analysis are then used to perform a nonlinear thermomechanical analysis of a steel structure with SAFIR ® software. Indeed, it is possible to use the radiative intensities and gas temperatures obtained with CFD to calculate with FEM the temperatures in structural elements located in the compartment, and to evaluate the structural behaviour of a frame made of these elements. This paper therefore highlights the effect of building design specifications on the temperature development and on the resulting mechanical behaviour of a steel structure that considers comprehensively the travelling nature of the fire.

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“…The experimental campaign of the TRAFIR project aimed at performing large-scale tests in real building dimensions with no artificial control over of the fire dynamics (Nadjai et al , 2020). The following three tests were planned: a fuel controlled travelling fire, referred as Test 1; a ventilation controlled fire intended to lead to a flashover, referred as Test 3; and another travelling fire, with less ventilation than in Test 1, referred as Test 2. …”

Section: Travelling Fire Tests In Experimental Steel Buildingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling with finite element method (FEM) allows for assessing the mechanical behaviour of structures that considers comprehensively the travelling nature of the fire. Within the context of the European research fund for coal and steel (RFCS) TRAFIR project, a series of three natural fire tests were performed, involving a steel-framed structure and a continuous fuel bed made of several layers of wood sticks provided in three different directions (alternation of 60°−120°−180°) (Nadjai et al , 2020). The aims of this experimental campaign were to perform uncontrolled tests based on a well-established fire load, to characterize the thermal impact generated by travelling fires, to evaluate the influence of the ventilation conditions on the development of the fire and to assess the fire impact on the steel structural elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Travelling fire experiments in steel-framed structure: numerical investigations with CFD and FEM

Charlier

Glorieux

Dai

et al. 2021

JSFE

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a simplified representation of the fire load in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to represent the effect of large-scale travelling fire and to highlight the relevance of such an approach whilst coupling the CFD results with finite element method (FEM) to evaluate related steel temperatures, comparing the numerical outcomes with experimental measurements. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the setup of the CFD simulations (FDS software), its corresponding assumptions and the calibration via two natural fire tests whilst focusing on gas temperatures and on steel temperatures measured on a central column. For the latter, two methods are presented: one based on EN 1993-1-2 and another linking CFD and FEM (SAFIR® software). Findings This paper suggests that such an approach can allow for an acceptable representation of the travelling fire both in terms of fire spread and steel temperatures. The inevitable limitations inherent to the simplifications made during the CFD simulations are also discussed. Regarding steel temperatures, the two methods lead to quite similar results, but with the ones obtained via CFD–FEM coupling are closer to those measured. Originality/value This work has revealed that the proposed simplified representation of the fire load appears to be appropriate to evaluate the temperature of steel structural elements within reasonable limits on computational time, making it potentially desirable for practical applications. This paper also presents the first comparisons of FDS–SAFIR® coupling with experimental results, highlighting promising outcomes.

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Travelling fire in full scale experimental building subjected to open ventilation conditions

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Burning dynamics and in-depth flame spread of wood cribs in large compartment fires

Burning dynamics and in-depth flame spread of wood cribs in large compartment fires

Modelling the influence of steel structure compartment geometry on travelling fires

Travelling fire experiments in steel-framed structure: numerical investigations with CFD and FEM

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