Travertine terracing: patterns and mechanisms

Hammer, Øyvind; Dysthe, Dag Kristian; Jamtveit, Bjørn

doi:10.1144/sp336.18

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Such surfaces may be inclined gently and cover several square kilometres, as in the case of geothermal hot spring sites. Tufa terraces may be composed of tens of kilometres of near horizontal sheets comprised of lacustrine, paludal and barrage lithofacies; their modern distribution from the tropics to the Arctic confirms their significance in the continental geomorphological record, and illustrates the importance of better understanding depositional processes rooted in fluid dynamics, precipitation kinetics and crystal growth dynamics (Goldenfeld et al ., ; Hammer et al ., ).…”

Section: Depositional Environments and Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding tufa and travertine (fresh water carbonates) in the sedimentary record: The state of the art

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traditionally, fresh water carbonate research has focused on the sedimentology and palaeontology of ancient lacustrine deposits. Lithofacies in such low-energy deposits are typically fine-grained, developed uniformly in a generally concentric distribution ('bulls-eye' pattern) and are predictable even when preserved imperfectly. In contrast, because of their local lithofacies and palaeontological complexities, fluvial carbonates were either delegated to a status of 'minor geomorphological features' or barely considered prior to the 1970s. This viewpoint was based on the depositional record of fluvial and spring-fed fresh water carbonates, which were considered to be restricted generally to localized karstic areas. Such deposits are often preserved as scattered patches of ambient temperature tufa. Occasionally, however, in active tectonic areas, localized travertine deposits are also developed from deeply circulating hydrothermal waters. With a few exceptions (for example, basins with high subsidence rates or in arid climate zones), these fresh water carbonates are prone to erosion from continuing river incision and thus may not be preserved in the geological record. A partial record of fluvial and springdeposited carbonates is often preserved in Quaternary deposits, but the record in older deposits is typically fragmentary and often diagenetically modified. Yet once their unique facies architecture (and specialized nomenclature) is understood, these carbonates provide an important record of past sedimentological cycles of great value in palaeoenvironmental landscape modelling. The emphasis of modern research is to acquire information that explains how active systems function. In this respect, tufas reveal much of how carbonate precipitation is a shared product of physico-chemical and microbiological biomediation processes. Likewise, travertines not only show an intimate interrelation with active tectonism but also hold great potential as monitors of past volcanic carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, both tufas and travertines contain palynological records that can be used as proxy indicators of climate change. Perhaps no other field of sedimentology has witnessed more developments and applications over such a brief period of study.

show abstract

Section: Depositional Environments and Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoding tufa and travertine (fresh water carbonates) in the sedimentary record: The state of the art

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…areas of a few square meters and "microterracettes" of a few square centimeters or less, were identified. Hammer et al (2010) suggested the term "terrace" as a general term regardless of size. In Edipsos the height of terracettes (dam) and microterracettes is up to few centimeters, regardless of slope, thus producing pools of much larger area in regions of small slope.…”

Section: XLVII No 3 -1933mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of travertine build-up, water continuously finds new routes. Old pathways may be abandoned and dry up, but become active again at a later date (Chafetz and Folk , 1984;Hammer et al, 2010). Inside Edipsos pools of many different lithotypes are being created, like rafts, foam, shrubs etc (Kanellopoulos, 2012).…”

Section: XLVII No 3 -1933mentioning

confidence: 99%

Various morphological types of thermogenic travertines in Northern Euboea and Eastern Central Greece

Kanellopoulos¹

2016

geosociety

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the northern part of Euboea Island and the neighbouring part of the mainland in eastern central Greece, many hot springs exist and some of them create travertine deposits. The objectives of the study were to identify and describe the various morphological types of the thermogenic travertine deposits. The samples were studied at the lab with optical microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), in order to verify their main mineralogical composition and their mineral chemistry. The studied travertine deposits consist mainly of aragonite and calcite, but in some cases, as main mineral phase, an amorphous hydrous ferric oxyhydroxide (ferrihydrite), was also identified. The morphological types that were identified were of great variety (mounds, travertine caves etc) and some of them were quite rare (cascades, remora etc). Morphological data and field observations suggest possible inorganic and organic controls on carbonate precipitation. Similar morphological types have been recorded at large travertine systems like Mammoth hot springs, Yellowstone National Park in USA and at Rapolano Terme, Italy.

show abstract

“…2c, d). However, in the present paper the term ''terrace'' is used as a general term regardless of size, as suggested by Hammer et al (2010).…”

Section: Morphological Types and Lithotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogenic travertine deposits in Thermopylae hot springs (Greece) in association with cyanobacterial microflora

Kanellopoulos

Lamprinou²,

Mitropoulos³

et al. 2015

Carbonates Evaporites

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present paper deals with the investigation of abiotic and biotic influence on thermogenic travertine formation in Thermopylae hot springs, one of the largest active thermogenic travertine systems in Greece. Geological, mineralogical and microbiological data from three different types of travertines (cascades, terraces and fluvial crusts) revealed different cyanobacterial communities. Microscopic analysis of fresh and cultured material has shown that epilithic and endolithic cyanobacteria are almost the exclusive components of travertines' photosynthetic microflora. Thirty-one (31) taxa of cyanobacteria are presented here, among them the frequently found, in such environments, Phormidium incrustatum and Aphanocapsa thermalis, as well as the taxonomically interesting diazotrophic morphotype identified as Chlorogloeopsis sp. Sampling sites I and II have similar formation conditions characterized by laminated travertines with low porosity and shrub lithotypes, with the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya ercegovicii occupying an endolithic zone, while the upper part is occupied by colonial chroococcalean species. On the contrary, sampling site III is characterized by laminated travertine with fenestrial type porosity and absence of shrub lithotypes resulting in a completely different community of cyanobacteria.

show abstract

Travertine terracing: patterns and mechanisms

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Decoding tufa and travertine (fresh water carbonates) in the sedimentary record: The state of the art

Decoding tufa and travertine (fresh water carbonates) in the sedimentary record: The state of the art

Various morphological types of thermogenic travertines in Northern Euboea and Eastern Central Greece

Thermogenic travertine deposits in Thermopylae hot springs (Greece) in association with cyanobacterial microflora

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About